【題目】閱讀材料,回答問題。
我國是一個貧水國家,面臨著嚴(yán)重的水資源短缺,然而在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,卻仍有不少人似乎并不知道水在人類生活中的作用,在我國面臨水資源嚴(yán)重緊缺的情況下,仍在漫不經(jīng)心地浪費(fèi)和污染著這種稀缺的資源。喚起全社會的關(guān)注,治理水資源的浪費(fèi)和污染,已成為刻不容緩的事情。
(1)水資源的浪費(fèi)主要表現(xiàn)在生活中、農(nóng)業(yè)上、工業(yè)上的用水浪費(fèi),我們怎樣去節(jié)約用水?提出你的建議。
(2)水污染主要指生活中的污水、工業(yè)上的廢水、農(nóng)業(yè)上農(nóng)藥化肥污染水,我們怎樣去防治水污染呢?請?zhí)岢瞿愕目捶ā?/span>
【答案】(1)生活中,一水多用,使用節(jié)水器具等;農(nóng)業(yè)上改變灌溉方式,多用噴灌或滴灌,培育耐旱品種;工業(yè)上水要循環(huán)使用等。
(2)沿途植樹造林,增加水的自動凈化能力;少向河流扔垃圾、排放污水;建立污水處理廠,污水達(dá)標(biāo)才能排放;農(nóng)業(yè)中少使用農(nóng)藥和化肥,多使用有機(jī)肥;生活中少使用洗衣粉、洗潔精等。
【解析】
(1)保護(hù)水資源一是要防止水資源污染,二是要節(jié)約用水,所以保護(hù)水資源的措施:①節(jié)約用水;②大力植樹造林;③加強(qiáng)污水的治理循環(huán)利用;④加強(qiáng)海水淡化利用等合理即可。
(2)目前防治水污染的方法主要有以下幾種:沿途植樹造林,增加水的自動凈化能力;少向河流扔垃圾、排放污水;建立污水處理廠,污水達(dá)標(biāo)才能排放;農(nóng)業(yè)中少使用農(nóng)藥和化肥,多使用有機(jī)肥;生活中少使用洗衣粉、洗潔精等。
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