【題目】 Many of us have developed the bad habit of staying up late. It is_______for our health.
The Sleep Research Center at the University of Surrey found a direct link_______the time of sleeping and genes (基因). Each cell (細(xì)胞) in our bodies _____some information in our DNA that acts as a kind of operating instruction. ______, each cell only reads a part of the instruction it needs. Professor DerkJan Dijk asked,“Can ______affect how a gene reads instructions?” He carried out an experiment and asked his ______to spend a week sleeping around seven hours to eight hours a night. And then the next week he______them to sleep six to seven hours a night.
Blood samples were taken each week to compare______genes were in blood cells. They were being used during the long and ______nights.
It is clear that changing the time of sleeping can______our genes, which influence our health. And we may fall______more easily when we sleep less. The important message is that getting sleep about eight hours a night can make an exciting _____to our health in just a few days. It is in this way that it_______our genes. So stop staying up late to listen to______broadcast, read one more chapter, have one more drink or do a little bit more work.______you don’t think it will make some differences, you will regret. Anyway, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
【1】A.realB.easyC.kindD.bad
【2】A.betweenB.aroundC.inD.under
【3】A.hurtsB.makesC.carriesD.goes
【4】A.HoweverB.EspeciallyC.LuckilyD.Quietly
【5】A.studyB.playC.sleepD.sing
【6】A.workersB.volunteersC.doctorsD.students
【7】A.askedB.stoppedC.preparedD.enjoyed
【8】A.whatB.whichC.howD.why
【9】A.smallB.darkC.shortD.brave
【10】A.eatB.changeC.bringD.sell
【11】A.illB.smartC.sadD.shy
【12】A.difficultyB.differenceC.importanceD.invitation
【13】A.looks afterB.looks aroundC.looks forD.looks like
【14】A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.the other
【15】A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.When
【答案】
【1】D
【2】A
【3】C
【4】A
【5】C
【6】B
【7】A
【8】B
【9】B
【10】B
【11】A
【12】B
【13】A
【14】B
【15】C
【解析】
本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了熬夜對基因的影響。
1. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為:這對我們的健康是________。real真實的;easy容易的;kind善良的;bad壞的。從上句“Many of us have developed the bad habit of staying up late.”可知,作者認(rèn)為熬夜是一種壞習(xí)慣,對我們的健康不好。故選D。
2. 考查介詞詞義辨析。句意為:薩里大學(xué)的睡眠研究中心發(fā)現(xiàn),睡眠時間與基因之間有直接聯(lián)系。between 兩者之間;around (在三者及三者以上)之間;in在……里面;under在……下面。分析語境可知,空格處指“兩者之間”。故選A。
3. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為:我們身體的每個細(xì)胞________我們DNA的信息,這些信息充當(dāng)操作指令的角色。hurts 傷害;makes制造;carries攜帶;goes去。根據(jù)語境可知空格處意指“攜帶信息”。故選C。
4. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為:________,每個細(xì)胞只讀取它需要指令的一部分。However然而;Especially尤其是;Luckily幸運(yùn)地;Quietly安靜地。聯(lián)系上句“Each cell(細(xì)胞) in our bodies 3 some information in our DNA that acts as a kind of operating instruction.”可知,本句與上句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此“However”用在這里符合語境,指每個細(xì)胞自身具有缺陷性。故選A。
5. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為:________會影響基因如何讀取指令嗎? study學(xué)習(xí);play玩耍;sleep 睡眠;sing唱歌。從上文“The Sleep Research Center at the University of Surrey found a direct link between the time of sleeping and genes.”可知選C。
6. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為:他做了一個實驗,讓他的________一周每晚睡七到八個小時。workers工人們;volunteers志愿者們;doctors醫(yī)生們; students學(xué)生們。這里描述的是教授做實驗的方法,實驗主體應(yīng)該是參與實驗的志愿者們。故選B。
7. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為:然后下一周,他________他們每晚睡六到七個小時。asked問,要求;stopped阻止;prepared準(zhǔn)備;enjoyed享受。聯(lián)系上句,教授先讓志愿者每晚睡七到八個小時,第二周再讓他們每晚睡六到七個小時。故選A。
8. 考查疑問詞詞義辨析。句意為:每周抽取血液樣本對比________基因在血細(xì)胞中。what 什么;which哪些;how怎樣;why為什么。分析語境可知指“哪些”。故選B。
9. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為:它們在漫長而________黑夜中被使用。 small小的;dark黑暗的; short短的;brave勇敢的。根據(jù)語境可知指“在漫長而黑暗的夜里”。故選B。
10. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意為:很明顯,改變睡眠時間可以________我們的基因,影響我們的健康。eat吃掉;change 改變;bring帶來;sell出售。從“which influence our health”可知,改變睡眠時間可以改變我們的基因,從而影響我們的健康。故選B。
11. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為:當(dāng)我們睡得少的時候,我們可能更容易________。ill生病的;smart 聰明的;sad難過的;shy害羞的。聯(lián)系上文及常識可知,熬夜或睡眠不足對身體有害,因此人就容易生病。故選A。
12. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為:重要的信息是,每晚睡近八小時能在短短幾天內(nèi)給我們的健康帶來令人興奮的________。difficulty困難;difference不同,差異;importance重要性;invitation邀請。make a difference是一個固定短語,意為“有影響”。又因這里談?wù)摰氖撬叱渥銓θ梭w的影響。故選B。
13. 考查動詞短語辨析。句意為:就是通過這樣的方式,它來______我們的基因。looks after照顧; looks around環(huán)顧四周; looks for尋找; looks like看起來像。根據(jù)前一句“The important message is that getting sleep about eight hours a night can make an exciting 12 to our health in just a few days.”可知充足的睡眠來照顧我們的基因。故選A。
14. 考查普通代詞詞義辨析。句意為:所以別再熬夜多聽________廣播節(jié)目,再多讀一章書,再多喝一杯或多做一點工作。other其他的;another另一個;others其他人或事;the other 其余的(常用結(jié)構(gòu)one...the other)。聯(lián)系上文可知,熬夜對人體有害,此處指不要再熬夜聽其他的廣播節(jié)目。故選B。
15. 考查連詞詞義辨析。句意為:________你認(rèn)為這不會起什么作用,你會后悔的。Until直到;Unless除非,如果不;If 如果;When當(dāng)……時。根據(jù)句意可知,空格前后兩句是假設(shè)關(guān)系。故選C。
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