【題目】下列關于人口的敘述,錯誤的是( 。
A.人口增加可以提供更多的勞動力,因此不必限制人口的數(shù)量
B.為了滿足增加人口所需的糧食,亂墾濫伐會加重水土流失
C.人口自然增長率較高的國家一般都是發(fā)展中國家
D.目前人口最多的大洲是亞洲
【答案】A
【解析】
地球上的自然資源是有限的,人類在地球上的生存空間同樣是有限的。世界人口的急劇增長,社會經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,給資源和環(huán)境造成了空前的壓力,也給人類的生存和發(fā)展帶來了一系列的問題。人口的自然增長主要是由出生率和死亡率決定的。人口自然增長率與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平有密切聯(lián)系。近幾十年來,隨著生活和醫(yī)療水平的提高,嬰兒死亡率逐漸降低,人的壽命不斷延長。這樣就促使世界人口迅速增長。一般來說,經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平高的國家,人口的自然增長較慢;經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平低的國家,人口的自然增長較快。亞洲、非洲和拉丁美洲的一些國家,人口增長過多過快,給社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展造成很大壓力,使居民的就業(yè)、居住、教育、醫(yī)療等問題難以解決,還有一部分國家則長期處于貧困狀態(tài)。目前人口最多的大洲是亞洲。在歐洲的一些國家,比如意大利、德國和瑞典,近些年來人口一直處于負增長狀態(tài),已引起勞動力短缺、人口老齡化等問題。故選:A。
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