【題目】 我國水資源總量雖然大,但由于我國人口眾多,且水資源分布不平衡,導致我國約四分 之一的省份面臨嚴重缺水問題。
據(jù)此完成下列各題。
【1】我國水資源地區(qū)分布“東多西少,南多北少”,依氣候知識解釋正確的是
①西部為非季風區(qū),降水多
②東部為季風區(qū),降水多
③北方雨季短,降水少
④南方雨季短,降水少
A.①④B.②③C.①②D.③④
【2】福建上杭縣降水集中在春、夏兩季,在少雨季節(jié)易導致干旱,影響人們正常的生產(chǎn)與 生活,解決這一問題的最佳措施是
A.興修水庫B.跨流域調(diào)水C.防治水污染D.人工降雨
【答案】
【1】B
【2】A
【解析】
我國水資源的時空分布情況受我國降水的影響,我國降水空間上來說從東南沿海向西北內(nèi)陸降水逐漸減少,導致我國水資源東多西少、南多北少;我國水資源時間分配上具有夏秋多,冬春少和年際變化大的特點。
【1】我國水資源地區(qū)分布“東多西少,南多北少”,其原因是我國東部為季風區(qū),夏季風影響大,降水多,西部為非季風區(qū),夏季風影響小甚至不受夏季風的影響,降水少,南方雨季來得早退的晚,雨季長,降水多,北方雨季來得晚退的早,雨季短,降水少。所以ACD解釋錯誤,B解釋正確。故選B
【2】福建上杭縣降水集中在春、夏兩季,在少雨季節(jié)易導致干旱,降水時間分布不均勻,解決這一問題的最佳措施是興修水庫,豐水期蓄水,枯水期放水?缌饔蛘{(diào)水可以解決水資源空間分布不均,防治水污染可以保護水資源,人工降雨可以緩解旱情。所以A符合題意,BCD不符合題意。故選A
本題主要考查我國水資源的時空分布特點和解決水資源分布不均的措施。
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