Question

生理鹽水是醫(yī)療上對(duì)腹瀉脫水病人補(bǔ)鈉的主要藥品，其質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.9%．現(xiàn)欲配制250mL生理鹽水，需氯化鈉（醫(yī)用）和蒸餾水各多少克？（生理鹽水的密度近似看作1g?cm^-3）

Answer 1

考點(diǎn)：有關(guān)溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算

專題：溶液的組成及溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計(jì)算

分析：利用溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，可根據(jù)溶液的質(zhì)量和溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)計(jì)算配制溶液所需要的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量；再根據(jù)溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量即可求得蒸餾水的質(zhì)量．

解答：解：250mL=250cm³，溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，配制0.9%的250mL生理鹽水，需氯化鈉的質(zhì)量=1g?cm^-3×250cm³×0.9%=2.25g；溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量，則所需蒸餾水的質(zhì)量=250g-2.25g=247.75g．
故答案為：需氯化鈉（醫(yī)用）和蒸餾水各2.25g、247.75g．

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題難度不大，掌握溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量是正確解答本題的關(guān)鍵．