Question

【題目】 Big data(數(shù)據(jù)) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people's names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer

Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.

How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.

【1】This reading is about ___________________.

A. what big data is and how it is used

B. what schools and hospitals people like

C. where important data is collected and stored

D. how big data is controlled by governments and companies

【2】One company uses weather information to ______________________.

A. help children in need

B. know when people will visit the hospital

C. find out who tides the bus or train

D. understand when people will need ice cream

【3】The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _____________________.

A. big data can be used for good reasons

B. we can use big data in a number of ways

C. big data can be used for both good and bad reasons

D. we can use big data to prevent babies from getting sick

【4】The overall tone (總基調(diào)) of this reading is _______________________.

A. sad and personalB. personal and scientific

C. informative but sillyD. scientific and informative

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

你了解大數(shù)據(jù)嗎？大數(shù)據(jù)就是將很多信息放在一起，可以供計(jì)算機(jī)程序使用。短文中列舉了很多使用大數(shù)據(jù)的方式，既有好的一些方面，也有不好的。

【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文第一段的開頭Big data(數(shù)據(jù)) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program.和第二段的開頭Big data can be used in many ways可知，這篇短文給我們講述了“什么是大數(shù)據(jù)”以及“大數(shù)據(jù)的使用”，故A選項(xiàng)最符合文意，選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段最后一句話For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.可知，某公司使用天氣數(shù)據(jù)來查看人們什么時(shí)候吃的冰淇淋最多。由此可知應(yīng)選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)這一段的開頭Big data can be used for good reasons.以及第四句話Big data can also be used for bad reasons.可知，這一段中介紹了大數(shù)據(jù)用于好的一面以及不好的一面，并各自舉例說明。故C選項(xiàng)符合文意。

【4】推理判斷題。這篇短文給我們介紹了什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及大數(shù)據(jù)的使用方式，整篇文章科學(xué)、客觀，并使用了許多例子進(jìn)行解釋，使讀者更容易理解。因此整篇文章的基調(diào)是科學(xué)而又具有教育性的，故應(yīng)選D。