【題目】 It’s sad to learn that a whale has died in the ocean. However, that’s not the end for the whale. It has a lot to give to other sea animals after death.

When a whale dies, it quickly sinks (下沉) to the bottom of the ocean floor. There, the whale body provides food and nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) to deep-sea animals, which are often hungry for food. The remains can last for hundreds of years and create a complex ecosystem called a whale fall (鯨落).

Chinese scientists found a whale fall for the first time in the South China Sea during a deep-sea expedition (考察) carried out by oceanic research vessel (艦) Tansuo-1, which finished its expedition on April 2, 2020. Tansuo-1 carried the manned submersible (潛水器) Shenhai Yongshi, which is able to dive to a depth of 4,5000 meters.

The whale fall in the South China Sea is about three meters long. Scientists have found several species (物種) of shrimp and fish near the whale fall. Some fish have started to eat the whale’s tail. The whale fall might be quite recent and needs long-term observation (觀察), according to Xie Wei, a scientist who took part in the expedition.

The whale fall ecosystem can exist in the deep ocean because great pressure and cold temperatures there prevent body from decomposing too quickly. But the depth also makes it hard for scientists to discover them. There are about 50 known whale falls in the world.

By studying the whale fall, scientists can better understand how marine (海洋的) ecosystems support life and how to protect biodiversity (生物多樣性) resources in the deep sea.

【1】What does the writer try to describe in the second paragraph?

A.when a whale fall happen.B.where a whale fall happen.

C.why a whale fall happen.D.how a whale fall happen.

【2】Which sentence about the whale fall in the South China Sea is wrong?

A.It was found during a deep-sea expedition.

B.There was several species of shrimp and fish around it.

C.Scientists have finished the study of it.

D.Scientists from China found it on April 2, 2020.

【3】The underlined words “decomposing” in Paragraph 5 means _________.

A.putting inB.going badC.falling overD.setting off

【4】Why do scientists study the whale fall?

a. To understand how marine ecosystem support life.

b. To find how long the whale fall is.

c. To protect biodiversity resources in the deep sea.

d. To study whether fish eat the whale’s tail.

A.a bB.a cC.b cD.b d

【5】Which magazine can we probably find this article in?

A.Science.B.Geography.C.Mystery.D.Travel

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】B

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

鯨落指鯨死去后沉入海底的現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)鯨在海洋中死去，它的尸體最終會(huì)沉入海底，生物學(xué)家賦予這個(gè)過(guò)程為鯨落。一座鯨的尸體可以供養(yǎng)一套生態(tài)循環(huán)系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)達(dá)百年。2020年4月2日，中國(guó)科學(xué)家在南海首次發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)約3米長(zhǎng)的鯨落。

【1】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段的描述可知，在這一段中，作者描述了鯨魚(yú)死亡，沉入海底，為海洋中其他生物提供食物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)。概括來(lái)說(shuō)，這一段介紹了鯨落是如何發(fā)生的，故選D。

【2】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“The whale fall might be quite recent and needs long-term observation (觀察), according to Xie Wei, a scientist who took part in the expedition.”可知，科學(xué)家們?cè)谀虾０l(fā)現(xiàn)的鯨落需要長(zhǎng)期的觀察，C選項(xiàng)不符合文意，故選C。根據(jù)第三段“Chinese scientists found a whale fall for the first time in the South China Sea during a deep-sea expedition (考察)”可知A符合文意；根據(jù)第四段“Scientists have found several species (物種) of shrimp and fish near the whale fall.”可知，B符合文意；根據(jù)第三段“Chinese scientists found a whale fall for the first time in the South China Sea during a deep-sea expedition (考察) carried out by oceanic research vessel (艦) Tansuo-1, which finished its expedition on April 2, 2020.”可知D符合文意。

【3】

詞義猜測(cè)題。A“放入”；B“變質(zhì)”；C“跌倒”；D“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“The whale fall ecosystem can exist in the deep ocean because great pressure and cold temperatures there prevent body from decomposing too quickly.”“鯨落生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能在深海存在，因?yàn)槟抢锞薮蟮膲毫偷蜏刈柚沽耸w快速……”，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，動(dòng)物死去之后，尸體會(huì)很快變質(zhì)、腐爛。因此我們可以猜測(cè)decomposing的意思與B選項(xiàng)going bad接近，故選B。

【4】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段“By studying the whale fall, scientists can better understand how marine (海洋的) ecosystems support life and how to protect biodiversity (生物多樣性) resources in the deep sea.”可知，通過(guò)研究鯨落，科學(xué)家們能更好地了解海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是如何養(yǎng)育生命以及如何保護(hù)深海里生物多樣性。由此可知a和c符合文意，故選B。

【5】

推理判斷題。A“科學(xué)”；B“地理”；C“謎，秘密”；D“旅行”。根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文講述了中國(guó)科學(xué)家在南海首次發(fā)現(xiàn)鯨落，介紹了鯨落是怎樣發(fā)生的，以及鯨落的意義。這樣的文章屬于科學(xué)類的，A選項(xiàng)符合文意，故選A。

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