【題目】用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
【1】Let's ____(get) some bananas!
【2】Lily ____(have) an apple every day.
【3】Some milk ____(be) in the cup.
【4】He ____________(not like) oranges.
【5】Some ____________(strawberry) are on the table.
【答案】
【1】 get
【2】 has
【3】 is
【4】 doesn’t like
【5】 strawberries
【解析】
【1】句意:我們吃些香蕉吧!let后接動(dòng)詞原形。故答案為:get。
【2】句意:莉莉每天吃一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。Lily為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)用三單形式。故填:has。
【3】句意:杯子里有一些牛奶。Some milk做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)為單數(shù)。故填:is。
【4】句意:他不喜歡桔子。He為單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,因此用助動(dòng)詞does來(lái)完成否定句。故填:doesn’t like。
【5】句意:桌子上有一些草莓。Some后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù),strawberry的復(fù)數(shù)為strawberries。故答案填:strawberries。
本題是已給單詞的語(yǔ)法填空。此類(lèi)題主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)單詞形式變化的掌握程度。單詞形式變化主要有兩種,一是詞的形、數(shù)、式的變化,一是詞的派生變化。在判斷出詞的變化之后還應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步審題,看是否需要使用復(fù)合的變化形式,這一點(diǎn)是很重要的。
技巧一:名詞形式變化。
名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。
技巧二:動(dòng)詞形式變化。
動(dòng)詞的形式變化比較多,有謂語(yǔ)的變化(時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)),有非謂語(yǔ)的變化(不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞)。
技巧三:代詞形式變化。
代詞形式變化通常是與人稱(chēng)變化有關(guān)的三大類(lèi)五小類(lèi),即人稱(chēng)代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個(gè)不定代詞的形式變化,如no one/none、other/another等。
技巧四:形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)變化。
英語(yǔ)中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化。構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的方式,或通過(guò)加后綴—er和—est,或在詞前+more/less和most/least,且形容詞的最高級(jí)還要加the。
技巧五:數(shù)詞形式變化。
數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞,或加后綴—teen、—ty的變化,甚至還有作分母用的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式,以及one/two的特殊變化形式 once/twice。
技巧六:詞的派生。
詞的派生現(xiàn)象在英語(yǔ)單詞中是很常見(jiàn)的,派生現(xiàn)象主要發(fā)生在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這種題型還有可能檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)詞根、前后綴、派生詞的掌握。
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