One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (適應(yīng)能力) was Charles Darwin (達(dá)爾文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn't the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing (觀察) nature more than attending medical classes and dropped out(輟學(xué)) without graduating.
Next, Charles' father sent him to school to become a minister (牧師). This time he made it to graduation. But he didn't want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist. He wasn't the first choice, but he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. The crew's task was to make maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring (后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
小題1:Darwin was very interested in _____.
A．a(chǎn)ttending medical classesB．the work of a minister
C．sailing around the worldD．science
小題2:The Beagle was a(an) _____.
A．shipB．planeC．plantD．a(chǎn)nimal
小題3:When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was _____ years old.
A．twenty-threeB．twenty-twoC．forty-fiveD．fifty
小題4:The underlined word "they" in the last paragraph refers to (指的是) _____.
A．a(chǎn)daptationsB．Darwin and Wallace
C．a(chǎn)nimalsD．Darwin's ideas
小題5:Which of the following is true?
A．Darwin graduated from a medical school.
B．Some animals have adaptations so that they can survive.
C．Darwin published a scientific paper by himself.
D．Darwin was first chosen to sail on the Beagle.

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:B

試題分析：本文敘述了達(dá)爾文在上學(xué)時(shí)因?yàn)閷?duì)父親安排的學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣，自己在朋友的鼓勵(lì)下，開(kāi)始研究科學(xué)，進(jìn)行了5年的一次航行，看到許多了不同種類的動(dòng)植物，并把它們帶回到英國(guó)進(jìn)行研究，45歲的時(shí)候發(fā)表了論文。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science. 達(dá)爾文對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣，故選D。
小題2:推理判斷題。根據(jù)After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist.可知Beagle 應(yīng)該是一個(gè)船的名字，故選A。
小題3:數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. 因?yàn)檫_(dá)爾文出生在1809，1831年他22歲的時(shí)候開(kāi)始航行，23年后他45歲發(fā)表論文，故選C。
小題4:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.可知指的是動(dòng)物的適應(yīng)能力，故選A。
小題5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive 一些動(dòng)物有適應(yīng)能力來(lái)維持生存，故選B。
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