What is the hottest English word of 2013? It’s “selfie”, according to Oxford dictionaries. Selfie is a photo that one takes of oneself, according to the Oxford online dictionary. People usually take selfies with a smartphone(智能手機) and send them to a social media website.
The word was first used in 2002. In the past 12 months, its frequency (出現(xiàn)頻率) in the English language has increased by 17,000 percent, said Oxford dictionaries. Now, almost everybody knows it.
“Almost every day, I take a photo of myself at school, and save it in my Qzone (QQ空間),” said Huang Xu, 13, from Hunan. These photos record her happy and sad moments.
Pop stars also take a lot of selfies. Li Chunping, 14, from Harbin, is a big fan of Yang Mi. “She has used many selfies to tell us what’s going on in her personal life,” said Li.
What makes people love selfies? Some people say it’s narcissism (自戀). “The rise of the selfie is a perfect symbol for our narcissistic culture. We’re crying out: Look at me!” said US psychiatrist(精神科醫(yī)生) Carole Lieberman.
Young people are using selfies to make friends online, Jonathan Freedland wrote in The Guardian. “The usual purpose of taking a selfie is to share online. They express a human need to connect with others,” wrote Freedland.
Huang Xu agrees with that. “During summer vacation, my classmates and I shared many selfies online. Hair or clothes were not our interests. Through these photos, we got to know each other’s holidays and feelings,” said Huang Xu.
【小題1】According to the story, a “selfie” is _____.
| A．a(chǎn) person with a smartphone | B．a(chǎn) smartphone which can take photos |
| C．a(chǎn) photo taken by oneself | D．a(chǎn)n English dictionary |
| A．More than ten years ago | B．In 2013 |
| C．When smartphones appeared | D．Nobody knows |
| A．only famous people enjoy taking selfies |
| B．a(chǎn)ll people love selfies because of narcissism |
| C．people love to share selfies online |
| D．US psychiatrist Carole Lieberman hates selfies |
| A．Paragraph 4 | B．Paragraph 5 | C．Paragraph 6 | D．Paragraph 7 |
| A．Selfies and narcissism | B．Selfies and sharing |
| C．Selfies and smartphones | D．Selfies, the hottest word in 2013 |
【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】C
【小題5】D
解析試題分析：短文大意：2013最熱門的英語單詞 是“selfie”。據(jù)牛津在線詞典的解釋，“selfie”是一張自拍照。這個詞最初使用是在2002年。
【小題1】細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第一段中It’s “selfie”, according to Oxford dictionaries. Selfie is a photo that one takes of oneself, according to the Oxford online dictionary.可知該選C。
【小題2】細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段開頭The word was first used in 2002.可知該選A。
【小題3】推理判斷題，根據(jù)短文可知人們喜歡在網(wǎng)上分享selfies，所以選C。
【小題4】細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第六段中Young people are using selfies to make friends online, Jonathan Freedland wrote in The Guardian. “The usual purpose of taking a selfie is to share online.可知該選C。
【小題5】標題歸納題，根據(jù)短文一開頭What is the hottest English word of 2013? It’s “selfie”,可知該選D。
考點：社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀。
全優(yōu)考典單元檢測卷及歸類總復(fù)習(xí)系列答案科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Changsha has various performing arts and entertainment industry for all tastes. The bar culture is the symbol(象征) of entertainment(娛樂) culture in Changsha.
The bar culture is designed to promote sociability(社會交往)in a society. For many adults, they usually go to different kinds of bars to relax after a day’s work with their friends or colleagues. They can not only enjoy the various music but also release stress and pressure. Meanwhile, they can make acquainted(使熟悉) with strangers after communicating with each other in a bar. Every coin has two sides. Although the bar culture has advantages, it also has disadvantages. Some of the adults addict to staying up in bars and lost themselves. We should know of the spirit of bar culture.
Nowadays, there are totally over 300 bars on large or small scales. Jiefang West Road is the birthplace of the first bar in Changsha. The fast catching up Golden Times Bar is an upsurge, which pushed Changsha's bar culture to another high.
【小題1】What’s the aim of the bar culture?
A.To promote sociability in a society.
B.To push the culture to another high.
C.To release pressure.
【小題2】 What is the meaning of the underlined word “release”?
A. 釋放 B. 發(fā)行 C. 匯集
【小題3】 How many bars does Changsha have?
A. About 300
B. More than 300
C. Under 300
【小題4】 Which road is the birthplace of the first bar in Changsha?
A. Jiefang East Road
B. Jiefang Middle Road
C. Jiefang West Road
【小題5】What’s the best title of this passage?
A. Changsha bars
B. Culture of Changsha bars
C. Symbol of entertainment
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Money, jewels and important documents may not be the only valuables placed in banks these days. Some mothers store their breast milk (母乳) in banks.
There are ten breast milk banks across the United States, where mothers can donate their extra milk for other women’s babies.
Experts say breast milk is the best food for babies. The World Health Organization says it is the only food babies should get during the first six months of life, in most cases. Breast milk is especially important for babies born too early. Sometimes these premature babies must stay in the hospital for many weeks.
James Cameron is a doctor who treats newborns at Lutheran Children’s Hospital in Fort Wayne, Indiana. He says breast milk is almost like medicine. Doctor James Cameron says, “The fact is that there are so many different proteins and specialized sugars in the breast milk that the mom’s able to make that help provide immunity (免疫力). It’s very important for the health of the newborn.”
Lucy Baur lives near Fort Wayne. She breastfed both her children and always had more milk than they needed. She wanted to donate to the Indiana Mothers Milk Bank in Indianapolis. But freezing and shipping milk can be costly. Then, a donor station opened near her home.
Milk donations in the United States work like this. Donors must be willing to provide almost three liters of breast milk. They freeze the milk and take it to the station. There, employees warm the milk and mix it with other mothers’ milk. Then, the milk is heated to kill bacteria. After that, the technicians test samples of all the milk to make sure it is safe and healthful. The milk is re-frozen and sent to the main milk bank. The milk bank transports the milk to hospitals to feed premature or sick babies.
Donors are tested for diseases before any milk is accepted. They are not permitted to smoke tobacco, use illegal drugs or drink too much alcohol.
【小題1】According to the passage, which thing can also be stored in banks except money, jewels and important documents?
| A．Notes. | B．Diamonds. |
| C．Valuable papers. | D．Breast milk. |
| A．Lucy Baur wanted to donate her milk to the donor station near her home |
| B．the milk is frozen and sent to the milk station after killing bacteria |
| C．the milk bank transports the milk to babies’ home to feed them |
| D．James Cameron is a doctor who feeds the babies on the milk in the milk station |
| A．only it can stop babies from developing diseases |
| B．it contains rich nutrients (營養(yǎng)) babies need |
| C．it is the only food suitable for babies |
| D．it benefits babies as the best medicine |
| A．A heavy smoker. | B．A heavy drinker. |
| C．A fruit lover. | D．A drug user. |
| A．store extra fresh milk for some school children |
| B．provide milk to the children who go hungry |
| C．help other mothers donate milk to their own babies |
| D．offer breast milk to early born and unhealthy babies |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what "keeping up withthe Joneses" is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant(仆人) and gave big parties for their new neighbors.
It was like a race, but one could never finish his race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it "Keeping up with the Joneses" because "Jones" is a very common name in the United States. "Keeping up with the Joneses" came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’ s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.
【小題1】Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they _______.
| A．want to be as rich as their neighbors |
| B．want others to know or to think that they are rich |
| C．don't want others to know they are rich |
| D．want to make themselves happy |
| A．live outside New York City | B．live in New York city |
| C．live in apartments | D．have many neighbors |
| A．correct | B．interesting |
| C．impossible | D．good |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Now scientists have discovered that the dogs behave like their masters, too. Just like children, they use a “ look and learn” ways when they go about their tasks.
Scientists at Oxford universities designed an experiment to test if the dogs have the ability to copy humans’ actions by using a simple wooden box. 10 owners showed their dogs how to open the wooden box .Sometimes they use their heads to push it and sometimes they use their hands.
10 dogs were divided into two groups---Group1 and Group2. In the first part of the test, Group1 were rewarded with a piece of meat for copying their owner’s actions. Group2 were rewarded with food for not copying and using other ways. With each dog the experiment was repeated hundreds of times. Scientists recorded the time to see which group was first to get 85% right. They found that Group1finished the task much sooner than Group2.
In the second part of the test, all the dogs were only rewarded for copying the way that their owners used. Group1 reached the 85% mark more quickly than Group2.
So the scientists draw a conclusion: “Like humans, dogs can copy actions that they see. Dogs’ imitative（仿效的）behavior is shaped more by their interactions（互動）with humans than by evolution(進化).”
Scientists said，“A dog’s behavior is influenced much like that of a child; they look and learn similar behavior. We hope that owners understand the importance of their actions and use this knowledge to set good examples and therefore have a good effect on the behavior of their pets.”
【小題1】The scientists believe dog’s imitative behavior mainly comes from______________.
| A．proper rewards | B．domestication |
| C．human-dog interactions | D．evolution |
| A．Dogs can finish their tasks quickly. | B．Dogs are interesting animals. |
| C．Masters always set good examples. | D．Dogs behave like their masters. |
| A．It took the two groups of dogs the same time to finish the required task. |
| B．The dogs that copied their masters finished the required task much sooner. |
| C．The dogs that were encouraged to copy their masters finished the task more slowly.. |
| D．The dogs that were encouraged not to copy their masters finished the task more quickly.. |
| A．a(chǎn) cruel man can raise a cruel dog |
| B．dogs can be influenced by anyone |
| C．dogs always behave positively |
| D．dogs are the best kind of pets |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED, 牛津英語詞典) is thinking of adding the Chinese word tuhao (土豪) to its 2014 edition (版本).
The word has become popular in China during the past few months to describe newly rich people who spend money in extravagant（鋪張的，浪費的）ways. Tuhao has caught on in Western countries, too, to describe similar people in their countries.
The adoption (采用) of the word by foreign countries is an example of China’s spreading influence in the world not just economically, but also socially and culturally. People are paying attention to what is happening in China and are picking up some Chinese words in the process, especially those words that express unique (獨特的) Chinese ideas that cannot be easily translated (翻譯) into English.
The OED is also thinking of adding hukou (戶口) and dama (大媽) to the already 120 Chinese words in its dictionary. Hukou refers to (指的是) China’s system of residency permits (戶籍系統(tǒng)) and dama refers to middle-aged Chinese women whose gold buying habits influence the global gold markets. The news that the OED was adding these words has met with some criticism (批評). Some people say the words embarrass (使人尷尬) China, but others insist that in a globalized (全球化的) society it’s natural for words to spread and be adopted elsewhere. In fact, a word like tuhao expresses the humor of China. It’s easy to pronounce (發(fā)音) and very accurate (精準的) at poking fun at (嘲弄) rich people who have more money than taste.
【小題1】_____ may be adopted in the Oxford English Dictionary in 2014 according to the passage.
| A．Tuhao | B．Hukou | C．Dama | D．All above |
| A．All newly rich people |
| B．People who own their money easily |
| C．People who love money very much |
| D．Newly rich people who spend money in an extravagant way |
| A．流行 | B．繼續(xù) | C．接受 | D．蔓延 |
| A．humor of Chinese style |
| B．criticism on the adoption of Chinese words into OED |
| C．support on the adoption of Chinese words into OED |
| D．different opinions on the adoption of Chinese words into OED |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Today we can use the Internet for many things: shopping, business, writing letters, talking to people, getting information and so on. In recent years, a new kind of English has grown on the Internet. There's no real word for it yet, so we call it e-talk.
People don't like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases into a few letters， acronyms(首字母縮略詞). Acronyms are often used in chat rooms. Some are as follows:
BRB (be right back), BTW (by the way), LOL (laughing out loud), IMO (in my opinion)
People also use many abbreviations. They are shortened forms of words. Some common abbreviations include info (information), pic (picture), puter (computer), sec (second), etc.
We usually don't see people when we communicate on the Net, so people have new ways to show feelings. Most people use their keyboards to draw "feelings", such as:
:-) (happy) ;-) (joking) :-( (sad) :-O (surprised)
These days, many public discussions have picture feelings, for example:
(happy) (sad) (angry) ( (cool)
There are even whole new words, like "newbies"(someone who is new on a chat board or forum). When you write something bad about someone else, it's called "burning" the person.
It takes time for people to get used to e-talk. Also, different groups on the Net have their own special ways of communicating. Newbies sometimes have to ask other people what they mean. As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change.
【小題1】Why do people type acronyms?
| A．To type them quickly. | B．To make jokes. |
| C．To make newbies puzzled. | D．To show their feelings. |
| A．The person is happy about getting a new computer. |
| B．The person has to go away from their computer. |
| C．The person is sad that his computer is having problems. |
| D．The person is angry at somebody. |
D. 
| A．stay the same |
| B．keep changing |
| C．be used by people on the telephone |
| D．be easy for newbies to understand |
| A．E-talk | B．Picture Feelings |
| C．How to Use Abbreviations | D．The Changing Internet |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
When we got to the hospital, we found Dad still coughed a lot, but his smile was as sure as ever. It was another attack of pneumonia(肺炎). My husband and I stayed with him for the weekend, but we had to go back to our jobs on Monday. Local relatives would help Dad get home from the hospital and look after him. But I wanted to let him know that we also cared about him. even when we weren't with him.
Then I remembered a family tradition （傳統(tǒng)）when our children were small. Before leaving their grandparents' home after a visit, each child would write a love note to their grandparents. For days, their grandparents would smile as they read these notes of love.
So when I cleaned Dad's kitchen and made the bed for him, I wrote some notes. Some were like this, "Dad, I put the food in the fridge. " Some expressed my love, "Dad, I hope you will sleep well in your new bed. " Most notes were put downstairs where he would stay for several weeks when he was ill. But I put one note upstairs under his pillow(枕頭), "Dad, if yon have found this note, you must be feeling better. We are so glad!"
"These notes helped improve his health. Several weeks later, in one of our regular phone calls, I asked Dad how he was doing. He said, "Pretty good. I just found your note under my pillow upstairs!
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，每空填一詞。
【小題1】The writer's father was sent to the ________ , so her husband and she stayed with him on that _______ .
【小題2】Local relatives would help the write’s father to _____ home from the hospital and look _____ him
【小題3】It was _______ for the writer’s children to write love ________ to their grandparents.
【小題4】The notes only ______ the writer’s love but helped to improve her father’s ________ .
【小題5】After _______ weeks , the writer was glad to find that her father felt much ______ on the phone .
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