In some science fiction movies, evil robots refuse to die, no matter how hard people fight back.
Now science fiction has become science fact. For the first time, scientists have made a robot that can take a beating (挨打) and keep on going. Scientists from Cornell University made the robot, which looks like a spider with four legs.
Until now, even the most advanced (先進的) robot was almost certain to break down when it was damaged. That is because its computer inside simply doesn’t know how to make the machine work after its shape has changed.
To deal with this problem, the scientists put eight motors (發(fā)動機) and two sensors (傳感器) that read how the machine is working. They all give signals to the machine’s software. Using this information, the computer can then figure out the machine’s shape at any moment.
The new technology is a big advance in robot-making, scientists say, and it’s far from scary. It may someday help scientists create better artificial (假的) arms and legs and give new freedom to people who lose them. It might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.
“It has been difficult to design robots that can work well when the environment changes or when it’s damaged,” says Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in US. “With this work, we are nearer to solving this problem.”
【小題1】Why do robots easily break down when they are damaged?
| A．They cannot repair themselves. |
| B．The computer has changed a lot. |
| C．They have no computers inside. |
| D．The computer cannot work if the robot changes. |
| A．do house work for humans |
| B．keep working after being damaged |
| C．remember a lot of information |
| D．tell people where it is |
| A．sensors | B．robots |
| C．a(chǎn)rms and legs | D．scientists |
| A．They can replace the computer when it’s broken. |
| B．They can find out where the damage comes from. |
| C．They help the computer learn the robot’s condition. |
| D．They can send signals to the person who uses the robot. |
| A．a(chǎn) newspaper | B．a(chǎn)n advertisement |
| C．a(chǎn) tour guide | D．a(chǎn)n application |
【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】C
【小題4】C
【小題5】A
解析試題分析：短文大意：這篇短文主要講述了一種新型的機器人，一種新技術(shù)將使得機器人在損壞后也能繼續(xù)工作.
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第三段Until now, even the most advanced (先進的) robot was almost certain to break down when it was damaged. 描述，可知是因為當(dāng)機器人改變時，電腦就不工作了。故選D。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)For the first time, scientists have made a robot that can take a beating (挨打) and keep on going.描述，可知新技術(shù)將使得機器人在收到損壞后也能繼續(xù)工作。故選B。
【小題3】推理判斷題。聯(lián)系前文It may someday help scientists create better artificial (假的) arms and legs 描述，可知這個人稱代詞指代的是前文提到的假肢，故選C。
【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)and two sensors (傳感器) that read how the machine is working. 描述，可知傳感器是用來感知機器人的狀況的。故選C。
【小題5】推理判斷題。閱讀短文可知，這篇短文主要講述了一種新技術(shù)將使得機器人在損壞后也能繼續(xù)工作，可知這應(yīng)該出自一篇新聞報道，故選A。
考點：考查新聞報道類閱讀
名校課堂系列答案科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
When I crossed a small road on my first day in Kolkata, I was surprised because I heard a bell-not a horn (喇叭). It was a tiny man pulling a rickshaw(人力黃包車).He stopped and picked up two children from the front door of their house and pulled them to school. For many people, the rickshaw in Kolkata has many advantages. When the traffic is bad, rickshaws find a way through the traffic. If your miss your bus and there aren't any taxis, you can always find a rickshaw in Kolkata. Rickshaws are from your house to the market and waits for you. Then he loads (裝載)all your things, drops you off outside your home and helps you unload. No other type of public transport offers this kind of service.
From June to September, Kolkata gets heavy rain. Sometimes it rains for 48 hours without a break. In some parts of the city, the roads flood (水淹), and anything with an engine(發(fā)動機) is useless. But the rickshaw drivers never stop working, even with water all around them.
But not everyone thinks rickshaws are a good thing. The local government want to ban rickshaws. They believe it is wrong for one man to pull another person when there is modern transport in the city. However, there is a problemwith this plan. Many of the rickshaw drivers come from the countryside. The only job they can find in Kolkata is pulling a rickshaw. If the city bans rickshaws, these men won't have a job. So for the moment, the people of Kolkata still go by rickshaw.
【小題1】What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
| A．The rickshaw drivers carry things for local people in Kolkata. |
| B．Parents need rickshaws for taking children to school in Kolkata. |
| C．Rickshaws can find a way through the bad traffic in Kolkata. |
| D．Rickshaws are very useful for the people's daily life in Kolkata. |
| A．A bus. | B．A taxi. | C．A car. | D．A rickshaw. |
| A．make | B．increase | C．forbid | D．collect |
| A．The rickshaws in Kolkata have loud horns. |
| B．The rickshaw is still a part of public transport in Kolkata. |
| C．The local government offer many other jobs to the rickshaw driven. |
| D．The people in Kolkata are supposed to take rickshaws instead of cars. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Recently, China Dream has been the subject of a public topic. Although it is quite common for Chinese people to dream of a developed China, most people also have their own dreams. I interviewed several young Chinese students with higher US educational backgrounds. They all had their own dreams for their native country.
Fred Wang, an MBA student in the US, said, “I dream of equal chance for the young in China. Equality means all young people can compete fairly, based on the rule-of-law no matter whether they are rich or poor.”
Yujie Zhao, another MBA student in California, said, “I dream of having the best education for my children so they will not lose at the starting line, and I dream of being able to take good care of my parents after they return home from work.”
Yiqiong Zhang, an MBA graduate from the US, shared her dreams. “I have a dream which I have been holding for many years, that is after working hard for about 20 to 25 years, I can have enough money to build and manage a bookstore or a flower shop. Besides working hard, I am able to enjoy life, to play the piano, to hike and to enjoy a two-month-long vacation every year. This may be a common dream among young Chinese students.”
There is no doubt that all of these young students have their own China Dream. They all love chasing their dreams. The beautiful China Dream requires everyone’s hard work. Everyone should work hard to make their dreams come true.
【小題1】Which is TRUE about the three young Chinese students?
| A．They receive higher education in their native country. |
| B．They receive education of all levels in California. |
| C．They have their own hopes and dreams for China. |
| D．They have their own hopes and dreams for the US. |
| A．競爭 | B．完成 | C．對待 | D．成功 |
| A．Having an equal chance for the young in China. |
| B．Having the best education for her children. |
| C．Managing a bookstore or a flower shop in her middle ages. |
| D．Taking a four weeks’ vacation every year. |
| A．is very difficult to come true |
| B．requires everyone’s hard work |
| C．is a subject we need to teach in school |
| D．is only a dream of young Chinese students |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A 2-year-od boy is being described as a hero after using Face Time to save his mother after she was badly hurt.
According to a report from KGUN, Laura was trying to stop a fight between two dogs when one of the dogs bit(咬) part of her middle finger almost completely off.
Laura tried to call 911 herself, but she said her hands were too badly hurt to make the call. “ I asked my daughters to call 911, and they’re four, and they were quite afraid to even touch the phone, because it was covered in my blood(血),” Laura told KGUN.
The mother continued to lose a lot of blood and thought she would go into a deep sleep—until her 2-year-old son Bentley came up with a dishcloth from the kitchen. After cleaning some of the bold off his mother’s iPhone, Bentley continued to use Face Time to call Laura’s friend Connie.
“All I could see was his little forehead. I said ‘Hi Bentley’ and it was quiet for a little bit. Then I heard Laura shouting,” Connie told KGUN.
Connie then called 911, and Bentley unlocked the door to let firefighters into the house.
Laura told KGUN she is very thankful for her little hero and has since taught all of her children how to call 911.
【小題1】Laura was badly hurt when she was _______.
| A．opening the door | B．cooking in the kitchen |
| C．making a phone call | D．trying to stop a dog fight |
| A．Laura’s son | B．Laura’s daughter |
| C．Laura’s friend | D．Laura’s husband |
| A．a(chǎn) newspaper | B．a(chǎn) poster |
| C．a(chǎn) science magazine | D．a(chǎn) guidebook |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
People are having “Beautiful Guangxi Clean villages” activities in Guangxi. Make sure it can be done well, the Press Conference (新聞發(fā)布會) was held on May 3rd, 2013 in Guangxi. There will be something to do these days. First, the government will send many members to the villages. They will live in 1,4353 villages of Guangxi with villagers. A member of government will manage a village. Second, every village must have places to put litter. Third, villagers must put litter to the designated place. Don’t throw it here and there. Finally, the litter must be put away in time .
“Beautiful Guangxi Clean villages” is really hard and long work. If people do well, Guangxi will get more and more beautiful.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確為“T”，錯誤為“F”，并在答題卡上把“T”或“F”涂黑。
【小題1】The Press Conference was held on May 3rd, 2013 in Guangxi.
【小題2】The government will send 1,4353 members to the villages.
【小題3】Villages must put litter to the designated place.
【小題4】“Beautiful Guangxi · Clean villages” isn’t hard and long work.
【小題5】After the activities, Guangxi will become more and more beautiful .
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀下面短文，完成相關(guān)任務(wù)。
Microsoft has stopped providing service for Windows XP since April 8,2014. Microsoft has provided support for Windows XP for the past 12 years. 【1】The computers that use the XP system are not as safe as before.
The "demise"(停用) of Windows XP will have the greatest influence on China because it has about 210 million XP users, who make up about 70.percent of the PC market in the world. Microsoft's decision to "kill" Windows XP, a product with hundreds of millions of users, has a certain purpose to show its strong position in the operating system market.
At the same time, the "death" of XP has created opportunities for China's IT companies to grow and develop. China can break the monopoly(壟斷)of international IT giants and protect the internet security(安全) by having information technology and a policy that encourages innovation.
【小題1】把劃線部分翻譯成漢語：
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答第2—4題：
【小題2】In which year, Windwos XP started to provid support?
【小題3】According to the passage,how many XP users are there in the world?
【小題4】How can China break the monopoly of international IT giants and protect the internet security?
【小題5】What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．How to protect our XP system? |
| B．How to change your computer? |
| C．Why did Mirosoft stopped providing service for Windows XP |
| D．The influenc about the “demise” of Windows XP. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Chinese basketball player Wang Zhizhi returned home from the United States on the morning of April 10th after he had been expelled (除名) from the national team for four years.
“It has been a long time. I am so glad to be coming back home,” Wang told a CCTV reporter.
Wang is the first Chinese to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He joined the Dallas in 2001. He was welcomed by the Chinese basketball officials at the Beijing International Airport that morning.
“I realized I had made a big mistake (for refusing to return when he was needed). I want to say sorry to my fans and to the Bayi team which trained me and gave me the chance to play in this time. I want to make up my fault and win back my place in the national team.” Wang went on.
“Wang Zhizhi won’t play in the final competition of the CBA (Chinese Basketball Association) because he didn’t register (注冊),” said Zhang Bing, who works with the Bayi team.
【小題1】 Wang Zhizhi hasn’t been a member of the national team .
| A．for four years | B．since April 10 | C．since 2001 | D．for 5 years |
| A．he refused to return when he was needed |
| B．he left the Bayi team for America |
| C．he didn’t play well when he was in China |
| D．Dallas didn’t want to keep him |
| A．集中注意力于 | B．彌補過失 | C．珍惜機會 | D．遵守規(guī)則 |
| A．Wang Zhizhi was not welcomed in Beijing |
| B．Wang Zhizhi was a reporter on sports before |
| C．every player must register before he plays in the competition of the CBA |
| D．the Chinese basketball officials didn’t want Wang Zhizhi to come back home |
| A．Wang Zhizhi Feels Sorry | B．Wang Zhizhi in the Bayi Team |
| C．Wang Zhizhi Returns Home | D．Wang Zhizhi in the United States |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Qi Haoran, a Junior Grade One student at a High School Attached to Harbin Institute of Technology, was quite busy over the past winter holiday – and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign（光盤行動）.
These students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food. “Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven’t got enough to eat? Please don’t waste food.” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.
The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January. It calls on people to reduce food waste. China in recent years has experienced serious problems with wasted food. CCTV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
Chinese people are well-known for being hospitable（好客的）and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.
Luckily, the campaign has got a lot of support. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner gives the guests who have eaten up all that they ordered a sticker. People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers home.
To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. It’s important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today?【小題1】 The Clean Your Plate Campaign started __________ in January.
| A．in a big restaurant | B．in a CCTV programme |
| C．in a high school | D．on the Internet |
【小題2】 The restaurant owner in Xinjiang __________ to support the campaign.| A．gave the guests a sticker if they ate up the food |
| B．offered the guests 10 stickers if they ordered a lot |
| C．offered smaller dishes to the guests |
| D．encouraged customers to take leftovers home |
【小題3】You can probably read this passage _________.| A．in a science book | B．in a newspaper |
| C．in a tourist guide | D．in an advertisement |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
According to a national study, in the summer of 2013, the long-term(長期的) warm weather in the UK has made the number of butterflies increase.
Around 46,000 volunteers(志愿者) took part in the year’s Big Butterfly Count(統(tǒng)計), and they found 830,000 butterflies. Volunteers were asked to make a record. They would record how many times they found one of 21 different kinds of butterflies.
Later, the scientists used the records to find out how many butterflies of different kinds were found across the country. Then, they compared the results to the year before. They found that there was a rise in the number of 15 kinds of butterflies, and some of them went up by 50% compared to recent years. They said the increase in butterfly numbers was a result of warm weather.
However, scientists also said that the number of butterflies was in decline(下降) as a whole, and that we might not see the same result the next year.
Richard Fox, who works for Butterfly Conservation, said, “UK butterflies are in long-term decline. Studies have been done since the 1970s. They show that UK butterflies have declined in type and number.”
He added, “We must halt the long-term decline of these beautiful creatures(生物). The only way is by stopping the damage that has been done to the butterflies’ habitats(棲息地) across the UK.”【小題1】 The volunteers were asked to ______.
| A．study 830,000 butterflies |
| B．help scientists take notes |
| C．record the number of each kind of butterfly |
| D．find how many kinds of butterflies there are |
【小題2】What can we learn from the study?| A．There were 20 kinds of UK butterflies. |
| B．50% more UK butterflies were found in 2013. |
| C．The number of 15 kinds of UK butterflies increased. |
| D．There was a long-term increase in UK butterfly number. |
【小題3】What does the underlined part “the same result” in Paragraph 4 mean?| A．The weather is cold. | B．The weather is warm. |
| C．UK butterfly numbers decline. | D．UK butterfly numbers increase. |
【小題4】 The underlined word “halt” in the last paragraph means “_________”.| A．stop | B．study | C．make | D．plan |
【小題5】 What would be the best headline of the passage?| A．Different kinds of butterflies in the UK. |
| B．Big Butterfly Count in the UK in 2013. |
| C．UK Scientists made butterfly numbers increase. |
| D．Warm weather made UK butterfly numbers increase. |
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