Question

【題目】

Protection groups in North America are arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Others believe wolves must be protected.

wolves

For Killing Wolves

In Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago because people were killing hundreds of them. However, laws were made to protect the wolves. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.

A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters and by changes in the wild plant life. When the deer can’t find enough good, they will die.

If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey will disappear some day. The wolves will, too. So we must change the cycle (循環(huán)) of life in the wild land. In another northern state, wolves kill cows and chickens for food. Farmers believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas.

Against Killing Wolves

According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today, the stories of the “big bad wolf” still spread among the people.

Actually wolves are afraid of people and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell. When wolves eat other animals, they usually kill the very young or the sick. The strongest isn’t killed. No animal would have lived through the centuries if the weak members had lived. It has always been a law of nature.

Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wild plant life.

The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people. Even if wild land is not used for human needs, the wolves can’t always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest place, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next.

【1】Why has the wolf population greatly increased?

A.Laws were made to protect the wolves.B.Wolves could find enough food on farms.

C.They could eat strong and healthy animals.D.People leave the areas where wolves live.

【2】The word “prey” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.

A.farmers who are destroying forestB.people who are living near wolves

C.animals that are killed for foodD.wolves that are killed by people

【3】Some people are against killing wolves because ______.

A.There are too many deer in the wild landB.Wolves help to keep the balance in the wild land

C.Wolves are afraid of people and never kill peopleD.There is a very small wolf population in the wild land

【4】What is probably the best title for this passage?

A.Why did wolves almost disappear?B.Should wolves be killed or protected?

C.Does wolves change the cycle of life?D.Why does wolves kill people for food?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】B

【解析】

北美的保護組織正在爭論狼的好處和危險。一些團體認(rèn)為應(yīng)該捕殺狼。其他人認(rèn)為狼必須受到保護。贊成者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在狼太多了，它們正在破壞自己的食物供應(yīng)。狼自然而然地吃鹿家族的動物。如果狼繼續(xù)捕殺大量的鹿，它們的獵物總有一天會消失。狼也會的。反對者認(rèn)為根據(jù)大多數(shù)故事，饑餓的狼經(jīng)常為了食物而殺人。時至今日，“大灰狼”的故事仍在民間流傳。事實上，狼害怕人類，它們很少在有人類氣味的地方旅行。當(dāng)狼吃其他動物時，它們通常會殺死幼小或生病的人。

【1】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息“wolf population greatly increased ”可定位至文章第二段第二句和第三句“However, laws were made to protect the wolves. So the wolf population has greatly increased.”和選項A同義，因此，確定選項A為正確答案。

【2】本題考查猜詞題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey will disappear someday.”可知，“their prey”指的就是“deer”由文章可知，“deer”是“wolves”的食物。A選項意思是“毀壞森林的農(nóng)民們”；B選項意思是“生活在狼附近的人們”；C選項意思是“被殺來吃的動物”；D選項意思是“被人類殺死的狼”，因此，確定選項C為正確答案。

【3】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干“against killing wolves because”定位至原文中第二個黑色小標(biāo)題處，又根據(jù)該部分倒數(shù)第二段中“The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wild plant life.”可知和選項B同義，因此，確定選項B為正確答案。

【4】本題考查主旨題。根據(jù)題干中“best title”可知本題需分析全文結(jié)構(gòu)。本文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，一目了然。第一段總起提出應(yīng)該殺死還是保護狼的兩種觀點。接下來第一個黑色小標(biāo)題“For Killing Wolves”講述殺狼的理由。第二個黑色小標(biāo)題“Against Killing Wolves”講述反對殺狼的的理由。最后一段提出真正的原因。所以全文結(jié)構(gòu)為總-分-總。文章圍繞應(yīng)該保護還是殺狼進行討論，選項B符合文章主旨，因此，確定選項B為正確答案。

（一）主旨題

主旨題主要考查學(xué)生對短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。做此類題時，應(yīng)通讀全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主題句的意義。短文往往圍繞主題句展開，主題句通常出現(xiàn)在短文第一句或最后一句。

（二）細(xì)節(jié)題

細(xì)節(jié)題是用來進一步表達(dá)主題，體現(xiàn)中心思想的，往往針對短文某個細(xì)節(jié)來設(shè)題。做此類題時，應(yīng)快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、數(shù)字等，閱讀時要有針對性。

（三）猜測詞義題

猜測詞義題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義能力。一般情況下，推斷詞義的題目中所出現(xiàn)的單詞，大多數(shù)是學(xué)生未曾見過的生詞，學(xué)生需要在該詞出現(xiàn)的上下文中去尋找線索。通過閱讀上下文，斷定該詞的真正含義，然后將這個釋義代入文中，檢查是否貼切，仔細(xì)比較直到得出該詞的確切的含義。

1.通過因果關(guān)系猜詞

通過因果關(guān)系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果

2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞

通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，二是看在進一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞，通過反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等；二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語