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科目：初中英語 來源：英語競賽初三年級 題型：050

Reading Comprehension

　　Cloning technology made its first leap from science fiction to science fact in 1997. That year, Scottish researcher lan Wilmut created the world's first animal clone：a sheep named Dolly. In making Dolly, Wilmut defied(對…挑戰(zhàn)) nature because Dolly was produced without the union of male and female sex cells.

The method that Wilmut used to create Dolly is neither a top-secret nor hard to understand. First, he removed an egg cell from an adult female sheep. Then, he used a fine needle to suck out(吸出) the egg' s nucleus(細胞核), the structure that houses a cell' s DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid(脫氧核糖核酸). DNA contains the biological material that determines what an organism looks like and how it functions.

　　Next, Wilmut removed a skin cell from another sheep－the sheep he wished to copy. Placing the empty egg cell and the skin cell side by side, he forced the two cells to fuse by zapping(用輻射線照射) them with a charge(電荷) of electricity. By doing that, Wilmut created an egg from one animal that contained the DNA of another.

　　The new egg cell divided and developed into an embryo(胚胎). Wilmut then implanted(移植) the embryo in he womb(子宮). In time, the embryo developed into a lamb sheep－Dolly.

　　For years later, a whole barnyard of animal clone, including sheep, mice, cows, pigs, and goats, has, come to life in labs around the globe. Now, the race is on how to produce the first human clone although many people are strongly against it.

1．What does the first sentence in the passage mean?

[　　]

A．Cloning technology made its first appearance in science fiction in 1997.

B．Cloning technology made it possible to turn something in the story into reality in 1997.

C．Clothing technology was a science fact that was accepted for the first time in 1997.

D．Cloning technology was the first technology used in creating a real life in 1997.

2．The technique Wilmut used to clone Dolly

[　　]

A．is rarely understood by other scientists

B．was used by scientists before

C．is a secret to the world

D．is none of the above

3．How important is one' s DNA?

[　　]

A．One's appearance and behavior depend on his DNA.

B．The length of one's life depends on his DNA.

C．One's characteristic depends on his DNA.

D．What one looks like is determined by his DNA.

4．Which of the following statements is true?

[　　]

A．Dolly was cloned from a skin cell.

B．Dolly was produced from two cells.

C．Dolly was made from a sheep's DNA.

D．Dolly was created from an organism.

5．What does the last paragraph of the passage tell?

[　　]

A．Now different animals have been cloned in the world.

B．The animals in the barnyard have been cloned, and there is a challenge in the world to clone other animals.

C．Humans have produced many cloned animals, and now they have started a race in developing cloning technology.

D．Besides cloning many kinds of animals, there is a competition in the world to clone the first man.

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