About ten men in every hundred have the trouble of color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected(被影響) in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman.

　　There are different kinds of color blindness. For example, a man cannot see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person can’t tell the difference between blue and green. Only a few unlucky men may see everything in shades of green—a strange world indeed.

　　Color blindness in human beings is a difficult thing to explain. In only one eye there are millions of very small things called “cones(錐狀細(xì)胞)”. These help us to see in the bright light and to tell differences between colors. There are also millions of “rods(桿狀細(xì)胞)”, but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes but not colors.

　　Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue light will. Human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky. With the help of the cones in our eyes, we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the help of the rods we can see shapes at night.

　　1. Some people say it’s safer to be driven by women because ______.

　　A. women drive more carefully

　　B. women are better at driving than men

　　C. women can see things more clearly

　　D. there are fewer color-blind women

　　2. We can attract mosquitoes by using a ______ light.

　　A. red 　　　B. yellow　　　 C. blue　　　 D. green

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A British judge ruled recently that swearing (咒罵) at the police is not a crime (犯罪), setting off a heated debate（辯論） across the nation.

Denzel Cassiues Harvey , 19 ,was stopped outside his home in Hackney , East London , by police officers who thought he was carrying drugs. He was fined ￡50 by a count for repeatedly （重復(fù)）swearing at the police who were searching him for drugs.

But judge David Bean overturned(推翻) the decision of the previous（以前的） court . He said that police officers hear foul language too frequently to be offended （冒犯）. Judge David Bean said the foul language used by Harvey was unlikely to cause the police officers harm , alarm or distress（苦惱）, because it was so “common”.

The judge may have been right to cancel（取消） the fine in this individual case . But there are massive problems with what he said when making the ruling .

Foul language is frequently directed at police officers, but this doesn’t mean that it should be accepted as part of their working life.

How can we justify（證明） this ? There are the people who devote their lives to protecting us.

What does it say about our respect for the police , if we see them as people who can be spoken to abusively (粗暴地) without a second thought?

There are many times that police officers do not penalize member of the public for swearing at them and it would be impractical（不切實(shí)際的） to punish every person that abuses(辱罵) them with foul language .

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The question is not what is said, but how the language is used. If a person swears with genuine（真實(shí)的） aggression （進(jìn)攻，侵犯）and aims to cause fear they should be penalized.

The police are enforcers （實(shí)施者）of the law, not mute（無聲的） punch bags.(沙袋)

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