閱讀與表達(dá)。
    November 24, 1859 was a special day in London. On the day, many Londoners rushed to a bookstore
to buy a book that was just published. The first printing of 1,250 copies sold out on the first day.
    The popular book was The origin of Species (《物種起源》) by British naturalist Charles Darwin
(1809-1882). In the book, Darwin argued that different forms of life could change over time because of
natural selection. This means that only those who are best suited to their environment will live and reproduce.
Darwin supported his arguments with examples he found during his around-the-world trip in the 1830s.
    The book laid the foundation of modern biology. It changed how other scientists understood the
appearance of life on Earth.
    A hundred and fifty years later, Darwin's theory (理論) of natural selection still has great influence in
the world of science. But some people have a question: since medicine and modern life have made people
healthier, are we still evolving (進(jìn)化) by natural selection?
    The answer is yes, according to Stephen Sterns and his team of Yale University researchers. They did
a study on 2,238 women in the US. They found that shorter, heavier women have more children then
thinner, taller ones. This trend (趨勢) runs among their female children and grandchildren. So if this
continues, women in 400 years will be about 2cm shorter and a kilo heavier.
    Sterns' findings are supported by other scientists. For example, John Hawks at the University of
Wisconsin, US and his team believe they have found nearly 2,000 gene variations (基因變異) in modern
humans. Those variations allow people to drink milk, fight disease and improve brain development.
1. Was The origin of Species a popular book? 
                                                                                                          
2. When was the book published?
                                                                                                          
3. What does natural selection mean?
                                                                                                          
4. Why does the writer introduce Sterns' findings in the passage?
                                                                                                          
5. Why is Darwin's theory of natural selection important? 
                                                                                                          
1. Yes.
2. In November 24, 1859.
3. Only those who are best suited to their environment will live and reproduce.
4. To support the idea that we're still evolving by natural selection.
5. The theory laid the foundation of modern biology. It changed other scientists' thinking about the
    appearance of life on Earth. And it still has great influence in the world of science today.
(答案不唯一)
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：初中英語 來源：同步題 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給的首字母提示，完成短文后的各個(gè)句子，每空一詞。
     The moon looks bigger than stars at night. But in fact, it is smaller than them. The moon looks big to us,
because it is nearer to us than stars. The moon goes around the earth. The moon is like a ball and looks beautiful.
Don't you think so? 
     Now people know quite a lot about the moon. There is no air (空氣) or water on the moon, so there are not
any trees or animals, or people on the moon. The moon gets its light from the sun, but some places on the moon
are quite dark (黑暗的). The days on the moon get hotter than boiling (沸騰的) water. The nights get colder
than those in North Pole on the earth. The things get much lighter (更輕的) on the moon than on the earth. And
you can jump higher on the moon than on the earth. 
1. We can see the moon a _______ n________.
2. The moon looks b_______ than the stars because it's much n_______ to us than them.
3. There is no air or w             on the moon, so p             can't live there.
4. On the moon it is very h_______ in the day and it's very c______ at night.
5. The things are much lighter on the m             than on the earth, so you can jump h            on the moon.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：0115 期中題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀短文，按要求完成短文后的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。
    The relationship between student and teacher is less formal (正式的) in the U.S. than in many other
countries, especially at the college level. (1)當(dāng)老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí), 學(xué)生不必起立. Students are generally
encouraged to ask questions during class, to go to the teacher's office for help after class, and to phone
if they can't go to school and need help with their lessons. (2)Most teachers allow students to enter class
late or leave early, if necessary.
    (3)However, students are still asked to be ________ to their teacher and classmates and to be ________
during a test. When students want to ask questions, they usually put up a hand and wait. When the teacher
or a student is speaking to the class, it's rude to talk to another classmate, even in a low voice. When a test
is being given, talking to a classmate is not only rude but also wrong. In the eyes of most American teachers,
students who are talking to each other during a test are cheating (作弊).
1. 將（1）句譯成英文：                                                                                    
2. 將（2）句譯成中文：                                                                                    
3. 在（3）句的空白處分別填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意完整、上下文通順：
                                                                                                                         
4. 在文中畫出與下面句子意思相近的句子，并在該句句首標(biāo)上序號。 
    Most teachers think it is dishonest for students to talk about something when they are having a test. 
5. 在文中畫出或?qū)懗鲎钅鼙磉_(dá)該短文主題的句子：
                                                                                                                          

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：江蘇中考真題 題型：填空題

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給單詞的首字母提示，寫出短文中所缺的單詞，使短文完整、合乎情景。
請寫出完整的單詞。
     Earth Hour started in Sydney on March 31, 2007. (1)M            than two million homes and Businesses
turned off their lights for an hour. A year (2)1           , in 2008, Earth Hour became the world's activity and
was supported by millions of people from thirty-five countries. In 2009, over two thousand cities in the
world (3)t            part in it, and Earth Hour came to China. The purpose of the activity is to save energy and
(4)i             climate. Earth Hour has brought about some new (5)c            to our lives.
    We may have different ways to spend the hour. For example, we can go to school on foot or (6)b            
bike, plant more trees, use water more than once, never leave the lights (7)o            when we are not at home.
Try to make full use of paper by using (8)b            sides. Earth Hour is a call for us to work together for a
bright (9)f           . It is also a message of hope and action. Everyone can make a difference. The improvement
of our environment (10)n            everyone's efforts. Come on! Join us in Earth Hour 2010!

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：廣東省模擬題 題型：完形填空

完形填空。
     How can you think in English? I think the best way is to practise as what a football player   1   every day.
During the   2   the football player will pass the ball to his teammates over and over again. So he won't have to
  3   passing the ball in the game; he will just do it. 
    You can train yourself   4   in English this way. The first step is to think of the words that you use daily,
simple everyday words   5   book or shoe or tree. For example, whenever you see a "book", you should think
of it in English instead of in your mother language. 
    After you   6   to think of several words in English, then move on to the next step-thinking in sentences.
Listening and repeating is a very useful way to learn   7  . Listen first and don't care too much about   8   you
fully understand what you're hearing. Try to repeat what you hear. The more you listen, the   9   you learn. After
you reach a higher level,  10   having conversations with yourself in English. This will lead you to think in
English.
(     ) 1. A. do          
(     ) 2. A. practice    
(     ) 3. A. think about 
(     ) 4. A. to thinking 
(     ) 5. A. in          
(     ) 6. A. had learned        
(     ) 7. A. the languages
(     ) 8. A. which      
(     ) 9. A. harder      
(     ) 10. A. remember     		B. did         
B. game         
B. wait for     
B. to think     
B. about       
B. have learned          
B. language     
B. whether     
B. less         
B. stop        		C. does      
C. match    
C. give up  
C. thinking  
C. like      
C. learn    
C. a languages         
C. how      
C. later    
C. start     		D. is doing     
D. day          
D. look at      
D. thinks       
D. from         
D. are learn    
D. a language         
D. why          
D. more         
D. finish     

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：同步題 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正(T)誤(F)。
     Some people have very good memories, and can easily learn quite long poems by heart, while there are
people who can only remember things when they have said them over and over.
     Charles Dickens, the famous English author, said that he could walk down any long street in London and
then tell you the name of every shop he had passed. Many great men in the world have had wonderful
memories.
     A good memory is great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his own language by remembering
what he hears when he is a small child. Some children-like boys and girls who live in foreign countries with
their parents-seem to learn two languages almost as easily as one. In schools it is not easy to learn a second
language because the pupils have so little time to practice it, and they are busy with other subjects as well. 
    The human mind is rather like a camera, but it takes photographs not only of what we see but of what we
feel, hear, smell and taste. 
    Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us.
(     )1. All the humans have good memories.
(     )2. Charles Dickens, the famous American writer, could remember things well.
(     )3. A good memory is of importance in your learning a language.
(     )4. Sometimes we can learn a second language without going to school.
(     )5. The human mind is a good camera.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
      Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars. Parking is a great problem, and so
is the traffic in the cities. Something will have to be done to change it.
      What will the cars of tomorrow be like?
      Little car may some day take the place of today's big cars. If everyone drives little cars in the future, there
will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking cars in cities, and the streets will be
less crowded. Three little cars can fit in the space now needed for one car of the usual size. 
     The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safe, too. What is more, these little
cars can run about 65 kilometers per hour.
      Little cars of the future will be fine for getting around a city, but they will not be useful for long trips. If big
cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be
used for the big, fast cars and other roads will be needed for the slower, smaller ones.
1. _______ is the big problem for those people who have cars.
[     ]
A. Money
B. Parking
C. Driver
D. Waiting
2. Little cars in the futufe will bring _______ pollution in the air.
[     ]
A. more
B. much
C. less
D. no
3. The little car's size may be _______ today's car's size.
[     ]
A. one third of
B. two thirds of
C. as big as
D. as small as
4. People can _______ money with using the little cars.
[     ]
A. spent
B. cost
C. take
D. save
5. The big cars are _______ the little cars for long trips.
[     ]
A. as useful as
B. not so useful as
C. more useful than
D. less useful than

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：專項(xiàng)題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
      To find out whether bees (蜜蜂) can see colours, the following experiment is made. A round table is put in
a garden, and on the table is a piece of blue cardboard (硬紙版) with a drop of syrup (糖漿) on it. After a short
time, bees come to the syrup. The bees then fly to their hive (蜂房) and give the syrup to other bees in the
hive. Then they return to the feeding-place which they have found. After a while, the blue cardboard with the
syrup on it is taken away. Instead of this card, a blue card is now put on the left side of the first feeding-place
and a red card to its right. These new cards have no syrup on them. Very soon bees arrive again, and fly straight
to the blue card. None go to the red card.
1. How many cards do you need to prepare for the experiment?
[     ]
A. Two: one blue and one red
B. Three: two blue and one red
C. Three: one blue and two red
D. Four: two blue and two red
2. During Step 2 of the experiment, the bees go to ________.
[     ]
A. the blue card with syrup on it
B. the new blue card with no syrup on it
C. the empty space where the original (原先的) blue card was
D. the new blue card with syrup on it on the left of the red card
3. The experiment has proved ( 證明) that bees ________.
[     ]
A. cannot see colors
B. can see colors
C. can not see blue
D. cannot see red
4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
[     ]
A. Bees Love Blue
B. Bees Love Syrup
C. Bees, Color and Syrup
D. Can Bees See Color?

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：廣東省期中題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     Surtsey was born in 1963. Scientists saw the birth of this island. It began at 7.30 a.m. on 14th November.
A fishing boat was near Iceland. The boat moved under the captain's (船長) feet. He noticed a strange smell.
He saw some black smoke. A volcano (火山) was breaking out. Red-hot rocks, fire and smoke were rushing
up from the bottom (底部) of the sea. The island grew quickly. It was 10 meters high the next day and 60
meters high on 18th November. Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still
rushing up. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea was boiling and
there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grew. Then it stopped in June 1967.It was 175 meters
high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming to Surtsey. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists
built a house. They want to learn about this young island. A new island is like a new world.
1. Surtsey is ______.

[     ]

A. an island not far from Iceland
B. a new volcano
C. a fishing boat
D. a place in Iceland
2. Scientists flew there ______.

[     ]

A. to watch the birth of the island
B. to save the fishing boat
C. to learn about the island
D. to build a house
3. When did scientist fly there to watch?

[     ]

A. Before the volcano broke out.
B. As soon as the volcano broke out.
C. About four days after the volcano broke out.
D. After the volcano stopped rushing up.
4. Put the following sentences in correct order.
    a. The captain found the boat was moving.
    b. A new island appeared in the sea.
    c. Fire, smoke and rocks were seen rushing up.
    d. A fishing boat was near Iceland. e. The island grew quickly.

[     ]

A. d-a-c-b-e 　　
B. a-b-c-d-e　　
C. a-b-e-c-d　　
D. b-e-d-a-c
5. The best title of this article is ______.

[     ]

A. A new island
B. The birth of an island
C. A new world
D. Scientists discovered Surtsey

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案