Question

A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(確保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically(生物學(xué)上)these sleepyhead(貪睡者)students aren’t used to the early hour.
　　“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的)sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.
　　Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns(方式).
　　Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.
　　Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice---their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.
　　All of this makes the transfer(遷移)from middle school to high school---which may start one hour earlier in the morning----all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when they try to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”
【小題1】Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because _______.

A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime

B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early

C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early

D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early

【小題2】The underlined phrase nod off most probably means _______.

A．turn around

B．a(chǎn)gree with others

C．fall asleep

D．refuse to work

【小題3】What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?

A．Adolescents depend more on their parents.

B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.

C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.

D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.

【小題4】What is the test mainly about?

A．Adolescent health care.

B．Problems in adolescent learning.

C．Adolescent sleep difficulties.

D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：文章主要講述了青春期需要睡眠時(shí)間的改變和睡眠模式方面的變化。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章it may be that biologically(生物學(xué)上)these sleepyhead(貪睡者)students aren’t used to the early hour.可知起的太早在學(xué)生的生物學(xué)理上是很困難的，故選B
【小題2】推斷題。從It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. 可知說(shuō)這些學(xué)生趴在桌子上，是懶惰的學(xué)生，所以應(yīng)該是睡覺(jué)的意思，故選C
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。從　Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought 可知青春期比以前需要更多的睡眠，故選D
【小題4】主旨題。文章主要講述了青春期需要睡眠時(shí)間的改變和睡眠模式方面的變化，故選D
考點(diǎn)：健康類(lèi)說(shuō)明文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章主旨鮮明，題目設(shè)置多為細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)題是很好解答的題目，而主旨題要在概括性的段落中尋找答案。細(xì)節(jié)題在文章題目中找到關(guān)鍵字在文章中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的出處，再仔細(xì)對(duì)比得出正確的答案。