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【題目】動詞填空。

1I want to make more friends, but I don't know how to get others ________ (talk) with me.

2He is going to hospital to have the bad tooth ________ (pull) out tomorrow.

3Wars are disasters. A large number of people will lose their homes if a war ______ (break) out.

4After ________ (read ) The Diary o f a Yaung Girl, we all hate German Nazis.

5Who is the person who ________ (influence) you most in your life?

6When the writer ________ (translate) the article into English, he met some new expressions.

7My grandpa decides to give up ________ (work) in the field because he is not strong enough.

8Can you imagine what ________ (happen) to the world in fifty years?

9Jimmy found it hard ________ (finish) the work on time.

10Mr White is a good doctor. He devotes his life to ________ (save) patients' lives.

【答案】

1to talk

2pulled

3breaks

4reading

5has influenced

6was translating

7working

8will happen

9to finish

10saving

【解析】

1句意:我想結交更多的朋友,但我不知道如何讓別人和我交談。get + sb. + to do使某人做某事,故答案為to talk。

2句意:他明天要去醫(yī)院拔掉壞牙。have sth. done讓某人做某事,動詞與sth.之間是被動的關系,本句中the bad toothpull之間也是表示被動的關系,故答案為pulled。

3句意:戰(zhàn)爭是災難。如果戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā),很多人將失去家園。if引導的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現”的原則,本句中if引導的從句要用一般現在時表示將來,注意動詞三單形式的使用,故答案為breaks。

4句意:讀了《安妮日記》后,我們都憎恨德國納粹。After為介詞,后跟動詞-ing形式,故答案為reading。

5句意:誰是你一生中影響最大的人?“who __ (influence) you most in your life?”是定語從句,修飾先行詞the person,從句表示的是完成的動作,要用現在完成時態(tài)來表達,引導詞who在從句中作主語,指代the person,助動詞用has,故答案為has influenced。

6句意:當作者把這篇文章翻譯成英文時,他遇到了一些新的表達方式。本句中的“when”想當于“while”,表示“正當……的時候”;“he met some new expressions.”中metmeet的過去式,因此判斷前一個句子的時態(tài)為過去進行時,答案為was translating。

7句意:我爺爺決定放棄在田里干活,因為他不夠強壯。give up doing sth.放棄做某事,故答案為working。

8句意:你能想象五十年后世界將會發(fā)生什么嗎?in fifty years五十年以后,表示的是將來的時間狀語,句子的時態(tài)為一般將來時,故答案為will happen。

9句意:吉米發(fā)現很難按時完成這項工作。itfind的形式賓語,真正的賓語用動詞不定式表示,故答案為to finish。

10句意:White先生是個好醫(yī)生。他獻身于挽救病人的生命。devote用作及物動詞,意為“把……獻給;把……用在”,常與介詞to搭配,構成devote ... to ...結構,介詞to之后跟名詞或動詞-ing形式。故答案為saving。

動詞(包括謂語動詞和非謂語動詞)填空需要注意以下幾點:

一、確定動詞的時態(tài)。

1. 與各種時態(tài)連用的時間狀語:一般現在時:usually,often,always,sometimes,every day,on Sunday等;現在進行時:now,at the moment,有時句前有Look!或Listen!等詞提示; 一般將來時:this Sunday,next week ,tomorrow , tomorrow morning,on Friday,in+一段時間等 ;一般過去時:yesterday,just now,last year,an hour ago,in 1985等;現在完成時:for+一段時間,since+時間點,in the past +一段時間,these days,recently;just,never,ever,already,yet,before等。

2. 根據主從句的關系來確定時態(tài)。在主從復合句中,主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是相互照應的。①在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中,如果主句是一般過去時,從句要用過去的相應時態(tài);②在賓語從句中,主句是一般現在時,從句可用任意需要的時態(tài);③在時間、條件狀語從句中,若主句是一般將來時、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動詞(can, may, must),從句要用一般現在時表示將來的動作。

二、確定動詞的語態(tài)。如所填動詞是謂語動詞,應先根據主語和謂語動詞之間的主、被動關系,確定動詞的語態(tài),一般說,句子主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者,則用主動語態(tài)。若句子主語是動作承受者,則用被動語態(tài)。不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。

三、確定非謂語動詞形式。

如果所填的動詞在句子中不作謂語,那么就應考慮用動詞的非謂語形式。動詞的非謂語形式主要有:動詞不定式、動詞的-ing形式(現在分詞或動名詞)、過去分詞等。到底采用哪一種形式,要根據習慣搭配、各種非謂語形式的用途和特點、修辭及句子結構的要求等方面來決定。

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