閱讀理解。
     Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce a child's chance of becoming short-
sighted, a research shows. It challenges (挑戰(zhàn)) the belief that short-sightedness is caused by computer use,
watching TV or reading in weak light.
     The Australian government researchers believe that sunlight is good for people's eyes. They compared
the vision (視力) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in Singapore and Australia. In all, 30% of the
Singaporean children were short-sighted-this rate (比率) was ten times higher than Australian children.
     Both groups spent a similar amount of time reading, watching television and playing computer games.
However, the Australian children spent an average (平均) of two hours a day outdoors-90 minutes more
than the Singaporean children.
     Professor (教授) Ian Morgan, from the Australian Research Council's Vision Centre, said, "Humans are
naturally long-sighted, but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors, the number
of short-sighted people gets larger. We're also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around
the world-and the main reason may be that city children spend less time outdoors."
     Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light. But why does playing outside prevent us from
becoming short-sighted? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical (化學(xué)物質(zhì)) which stops
the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people becoming short-sighted. So be outdoors. It doesn't
matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports.
1. How much time did the Singaporean children spend outdoors on average every day in the research?
A. 2 hours.
B. 90 minutes.
C.1 hour.
D. 30 minutes.
2. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. Why people become short-sighted.
B. Why natural light has a special chemical.
C. Why playing outside is good for one's eyesight.
D. Why daylight is much brighter than indoor light.
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. People will all become short-sighted after they begin to go to school.
B. Playing outdoors for 2 or 3 hours every day can help protect your eyesight.
C. Children in Australia are more likely to get short-sighted than those in Singapore.
D. If you spend two or three hours playing outside each day, you won't get short-sighted.
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科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：山東省中考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     You prlbably know the food pyramid (金字塔) well enough. It is a food pyramid with horiaontal stripes
(水平線). Carbohydrates (碳水化合物), such as bread,rice and potatoes,are on the dase of the pyr-amid.They
are most of our everyday food.The fats and oils (脂油) are at the top of the pyramid. We should eas the least
of them.
     Well, the food pyramid. with vertical stripes (垂直線). Instesd of the horizontal stripes,the vertical stripes
mean the five food groups and fats and pyrmid.This is because not all foods in a food group give us the same
health benefits (好處). A fresh apple, for example,would be on the base of the pyramid,while an apple pie
would be at the top Tis shows that we can eat more fresh (階梯) going up the side This shows us how
important exercise is. It also shows us that we will be healthier and healthier if we take exercise every day.
     Sp wju did some American experts change the pyramid?They did this to do a better job of tell-ing people
how to be healthy. The new pyramid tells us to have dalanced (平衡的) food from each food group eery daly.
and it shouw us that we need Iess of some us kinds of food than othen, For ex-ample, you need less meat or
fish than rice or fruit. It also shows us that not all foods in a groupgive us the same health benfits,and that
exercise is quite important in oru everyday life.
1. The vertical stripes in the new pyramid mean ________.
A. bread, rice, potatses,fruit and meat
B. some kinds of food we aboule eat
C. the five food groups and fats and oils
D. carbohydrates, fats and oils
2. The word "fresh" here in Chinese means _________.
A. 清新的
B. 新鮮的
C. 新做的
D. 鮮做的
3. The steps show us _________.
A. how to eat tats and oils
B. exerciac in very difficult
C. how to have dalanoed food
D. exercise is very important
4. The stripes in the new pyramid decome thimmer at the top because _________.
A. you shoule cat less as grow older
B. all foods in a food group give us different at the top hecause .
C. some foods in each food group are not as healthy as others
D. the older you are the more important the food pyramid im
5. The American experts changed the pyramid because _________.
A. they wanted to sell people how tohe healthy more clearly
B. the old food pyramid doss not tell people to take exercise every day
C. the new food pyramid looks much better than the old
D. the old food pyramid is not good for our health at all

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