Question

【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。

It was early morning in a small village in Kenya, Africa. Women and children were c【1】 heavy containers (容器) of water on their heads. They walked many miles to get the water. It was hot, and they were t【2】. They could only take a few containers a day. A young British woman learned about how difficult this was for them. She wanted to help.

Who is the young woman? Her name is Emily Cummins. How did she help? She invented a water carrier for the people in Kenya.

Emily Cummins is an engineer (工程師). She designs (設(shè)計(jì)) useful products for places without many n【3】 resources (資源). These places often don’t have a lot of water. They also don’t have a lot of oil, coal or gas. Cummins’ products don’t use oil, coal or gas. They use other kinds of e【4】, such as the sun. So people can c【5】 to use them in the future without hurting our planet.

How did Cummins get started? As a young child in England, she loved to work with her grandfather in his workshop. He t【6】 her how to use his tools. He showed her how to make toys and boxes from small p【7】 of metal (金屬).

Cummins designed her first product when she was in high school and just 15 years old. While she was s【8】 a high school student, Cummins designed a new kind of fridge. Why? Fridges normally use a lot of electricity. They are too e【9】 for many people in developing countries. Cummins’ fridge costs less money. It’s made of cheap, local materials (材料).

After leaving school, Cummins spent five months in Africa. She wanted to learn more about life there, so she volunteered at a school in Namibia. There, she could test and improve her designs. Her fridge became a great s【10】! It has helped thousands of people.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】carrying

【2】tired

【3】natural

【4】energy

【5】continue

【6】taught

【7】pieces

【8】still

【9】expensive

【10】success

【解析】

本文介紹了工程師——艾米莉·卡明斯。她為了解決非洲肯尼亞人們的吃水問題而發(fā)明了一種新的運(yùn)水工具——太陽能運(yùn)水車。除此之外，她還發(fā)明了太陽能冰箱，即物美又價(jià)廉，幫助了許多非洲人。

【1】句意：婦女和兒童的頭上頂著沉重的盛滿水的容器。

由語境和首字母提示可知，填carry；根據(jù)前文的句子“It was early morning in a small village in Kenya, Africa.”可知，此處應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。故填carrying。

【2】句意：天很熱，他們很累。

根據(jù)“They walked many miles to get the water.”他們走了許多英里去取水�？芍�，此處應(yīng)該是指走了那么遠(yuǎn)的路去取水，天又熱，因此他們很累。由首字母提示可知，應(yīng)該填tired累的，疲勞的；做were的表語。故填tired。

【3】句意：她為沒有許多自然資源的地方設(shè)計(jì)有用的產(chǎn)品。

根據(jù)“These places often don’t have a lot of water.”這些地方經(jīng)常沒有很多水�？芍�，水是自然資源，由首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)該填形容詞natural修飾resources。故填natural。

【4】句意：它們使用其他種類的能量，如太陽。

根據(jù)“Cummins’ products don’t use oil, coal or gas.”卡明斯的產(chǎn)品不使用石油、煤炭或天然氣。以及下文的“such as the sun.”比如太陽�？芍�，石油、煤炭或天然氣以及太陽都是能源。由首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)該填名詞energy，是指卡明斯發(fā)明的產(chǎn)品不使用石油、煤炭或天然氣，而是用太陽能。故填energy。

【5】句意：所以人們可以在未來繼續(xù)使用它們而不會(huì)傷害我們的星球。

根據(jù)“They use other kinds of e 4 , such as the sun.”它們使用其他種類的能量，如太陽�？芍�，太陽能是用之不盡的，因此人們可以持續(xù)的使用。由首字母提示可知，填continue；continue to do sth. 繼續(xù)做某事。can后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填continue。

【6】句意：他教她如何使用工具。

由語境和首字母提示可知，填teach；根據(jù)“As a young child in England,”在英國還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候。可知，此處是指過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此用一般過去時(shí)。故填taught。

【7】句意：他教她如何用小塊金屬制作玩具和盒子。

由語境和首字母提示可知，填piece；根據(jù)“make toys and boxes”制作玩具和盒子，可知，此處的名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。故填pieces。

【8】句意：當(dāng)她還是一個(gè)高中生的時(shí)候，卡明斯設(shè)計(jì)了一種新的冰箱。

由語境和首字母提示可知，填still還是；still作副詞使用時(shí)，含有“仍舊”、“還”之意，表示某事仍在繼續(xù)，多用于肯定句中。此處是指當(dāng)她還是一個(gè)高中生的時(shí)候，她設(shè)計(jì)了一種新的冰箱。故填still。

【9】句意：對(duì)發(fā)展中國家的許多人來說，它們太貴了。

根據(jù)“Cummins’ fridge costs less money.”卡明斯的冰箱便宜�？芍�，此處應(yīng)該是說原先的冰箱貴，與卡明斯發(fā)明的冰箱形成對(duì)比。故填expensive。

【10】句意：她的冰箱大獲成功！

根據(jù)“It has helped thousands of people.”它幫助了成千上萬的人。可以推知她設(shè)計(jì)的冰箱被人們認(rèn)可。由首字母提示可知，填success；是指她的冰箱大獲成功！great是形容詞，修飾后面的名詞success。故填success。

此題考查首字母填空。首先要了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨。要重視首句，善于以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語氣為立足點(diǎn)，理清文脈，推測(cè)全文時(shí)態(tài)、主題及大意。然后利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所給的首字母，先確定空格處所需填的詞；再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑瑥亩�確定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。例如：第2小題。首先根據(jù)“They walked many miles to get the water.”他們走了許多英里去取水�？芍�，此處應(yīng)該是指走了那么遠(yuǎn)的路去取水，天又熱，因此他們很累。由首字母提示可知，應(yīng)該填tired累的，疲勞的；做were的表語。故填tired。