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Penguins are lovely animals. Most people like them. But now as many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins are in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins has decreased by ( 減少了) 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in the Antarctic Continent (南極大陸) ,New Zealand, Australia and South America. Many live near cold waters (水域). But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins  cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers. The shape of their body helps them to survive. Penguins eat fish and krill  (磷蝦). They have short wings that help them to dive up to 900 feet to catch larger fish. They can swim 10-15 kilometers an hour which lets them protect themselves. They also have lots of body oil that helps in keeping them dry in the water.
The warming of the earth is the reason for the decrease in the number of penguins. The hotter and hotter air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperature has decreased the fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. And many adult penguins die of hunger.
Too much fishing, exploration for oil and oil leaks (泄漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous things in ocean waters are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies, including sharks, seals and sea lions.
小題1:Penguins can do the following except________.
A．divingB．flyingC．swimmingD．catching fish
小題2:Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease in the number penguins?
A．The warming of the earth.B．Too much fishing.
C．Natural disasters.D．Poisonous things in ocean waters.
小題3:What does the underlined word "reproduce" mean?
A．繁殖B．滅絕C．遷徙D．覓食
小題4: What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Fish and krill have decreased.
B．Ocean waters are polluted.
C．Sharks and seals are the enemies of pen­guins.
D．The decrease in the number of penguins.

小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:A
小題1:D

本文講的是企鵝數量的減少以及減少的原因。
1. B 此題是細節(jié)題。從Penguins cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers可知企鵝不能飛，選B。
2. C 此題也是細節(jié)題。文章講了三個企鵝減少的原因，從三、四、五的第一句可知C答案不正確，文章并沒有說到的，A,B,C都符合題意。
3. A 此題是考查單詞的意思。這里講的是企鵝減少的第一個原因，水溫的升高導致魚和磷蝦的減少，從而導致企鵝不能繁殖，因為缺少食物，故選A。
4. D 這是個對全文的中心思想歸納題，很明顯全文講的是企鵝的減少及減少的原因，選D。
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