Question

【題目】 The island country of Japan, located on the Ring of Fire, _________thousands of small earthquakes each year. In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe（神戶）. Many people were killed or injured as a result of the damage. The people of Kobe faced many difficult problems, including shortages of_________ , water, and housing. What lessons did scientists learn from this disaster? And how are people_________ the next big earthquake?

Part of preparation for an earthquake is to make sure that buildings and other structures are _________enough, so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to _________construction technology. Japanese scientists are working on the world’s largest earthquake, “shaking table”. New technologies are also used to create “smart” buildings that can get survived in the earthquake.

Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists_________ an earthquake. There is a new computer system which can give people as much as a 25-second_________ that a quake is coming. In this way, people will have_________ time to stop trains, shut down gas lines, and tell _________to stop operating in the hospital and so on.

Although earthquakes can _________be controlled, yet in the future as the forecasting methods are becoming more advanced, people will deal with such events more effectively.

【1】A.experiencesB.causesC.likesD.makes

【2】A.moneyB.foodC.computersD.scientists

【3】A.waiting forB.thinking ofC.preparing forD.working on

【4】A.tallB.strongC.modernD.new

【5】A.improveB.raiseC.teachD.learn

【6】A.pickB.protectC.stopD.predict

【7】A.newsB.warmingC.suggestionD.warning

【8】A.longB.happyC.enoughD.main

【9】A.doctorsB.engineersC.teachersD.managers

【10】A.seldomB.alwaysC.neverD.sometimes

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】C

【4】B

【5】A

【6】D

【7】D

【8】C

【9】A

【10】C

【解析】

短文大意：本文是科普文，從地震前的準(zhǔn)備工作和開發(fā)地震預(yù)測儀兩個方面介紹了如何為下一次大地震做好準(zhǔn)備。

【1】句意：位于火山帶上的島國日本，每年經(jīng)歷數(shù)千次小地震。

考查動詞辨析。A. 經(jīng)歷；B. 導(dǎo)致；C. 喜歡；D. 制造。根據(jù)句意語境，結(jié)合下文舉例In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe.可知experience（經(jīng)歷）符合句意，故選A。

【2】句意：神戶人民面臨著許多困難的問題，包括食物、水和住房的短缺。

考查名詞辨析。A. 錢；B. 食物；C. 計算機(jī)；D. 科學(xué)家。根據(jù)shortages of , water, and housing可知缺少食物、水和住房，故選B。

【3】句意：以及人們?nèi)绾螢橄乱淮未蟮卣鹱鰷?zhǔn)備?

考查動詞短語辨析。A. 等待；B. 思考；C. 為……做準(zhǔn)備；D. 從事。根據(jù)the next big earthquake，聯(lián)系下文Part of preparation for an earthquake，可知prepare for the next big earthquake符合句意，故選C。

【4】句意：地震的部分準(zhǔn)備工作是確保建筑物和其他結(jié)構(gòu)足夠堅固，因此日本的科學(xué)家和工程師正在努力改進(jìn)建筑技術(shù)。

考查形容詞辨析。A. 高的；B. 強(qiáng)壯的/堅固的；C. 現(xiàn)代的；D. 新的。make sure確信/確保，根據(jù)下文so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to improve construction technology.可知是確保建筑物和其他結(jié)構(gòu)足夠堅固，故選B。

【5】句意：地震的部分準(zhǔn)備工作是確保建筑物和其他結(jié)構(gòu)足夠堅固，因此日本的科學(xué)家和工程師正在努力改進(jìn)建筑技術(shù)。

考查動詞辨析。A. 提高/改進(jìn)；B. 提升；C. 教；D. 學(xué)。根據(jù)to make sure that buildings and other structures are strong enough,可知需改進(jìn)建筑技術(shù)，故選A。

【6】句意：為了幫助科學(xué)家預(yù)測地震，人們開發(fā)了許多種新儀器。

考查動詞辨析。A. 選擇；B. 保護(hù)；C. 停止；D. 預(yù)測。根據(jù)to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知是為了幫助科學(xué)家預(yù)測地震，故選D。

【7】句意：有一種新的計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)可以給人們提供多達(dá)25秒的地震預(yù)警。

考查名詞辨析。A. 新聞；B. 溫暖；C. 建議；D. 警告。25-second25秒的，限定詞修飾名詞；根據(jù)Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知前面三項(xiàng)意思都與句意不合，故選D。

【8】句意：通過這種方式，人們將有足夠的時間停止火車，關(guān)閉天然氣管道，并告訴醫(yī)生停止在醫(yī)院的操作，等等。

考查形容詞辨析。A. 長的；B. 快樂的；C. 足夠的；D. 主要的。根據(jù)上文give people as much as a 25-second warning可知時間是足夠逃生的，故選C。

【9】句意：通過這種方式，人們將有足夠的時間停止火車，關(guān)閉天然氣管道，并告訴醫(yī)生停止在醫(yī)院的操作，等等。

考查名詞辨析。A. 醫(yī)生；B. 工程師；C. 教師；D. 經(jīng)理。根據(jù)to stop operating in the hospital可知是告訴醫(yī)生停止工作，故選A。

【10】句意：雖然地震永遠(yuǎn)無法控制，但在未來隨著預(yù)測方法的日益先進(jìn)，人們將更有效地應(yīng)對這類事件。

考查副詞辨析。A. 很少；B. 總是；C. 從不；D. 有時。although盡管，表讓步；根據(jù)句意語境，可知地震是永遠(yuǎn)無法控制的，故選C。

完形填空。主要題型有（1）考查詞義辨析：名詞辨析，形容詞副詞辨析，冠詞辨析，介詞連詞辨析等；（2）考查句子時態(tài)，語態(tài)，要根據(jù)語境，選擇正確的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的選項(xiàng)；（3）考查從句（賓語從句，定語從句，主語從句等）；（4）根據(jù)固定句型或短語結(jié)合語境選擇正確的選項(xiàng)。本題主要考查單詞或短語辨析，做此類型題時，要知道每一個詞的意義，然后結(jié)合上下文背景語境，選擇適合語境的選項(xiàng)。例如小題3，四個選項(xiàng)都是短語動詞：A. 等待；B. 思考；C. 為……做準(zhǔn)備；D. 從事；根據(jù)the next big earthquake，聯(lián)系下文Part of preparation for an earthquake，可知prepare for the next big earthquake符合句意，故選C。