Question

Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.

For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鵝圈養(yǎng)地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.

Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺負(fù)) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!

Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號(hào)填入題前括號(hào)內(nèi)。

1.According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?

A．Someone puts on a heavy jacket.

B．Someone works in the penguin pen.

C．Someone will go outside into cold weather.

D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.

2.Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?

A．He bullied another student.               B．He is going shopping.

C．His is being picking up early.               D．He is being given a prize.

3.What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?

A．He was going outside.                    B．He was reading a story.

C．He was sleepwalking.                     D．He was looking for his dad.

4.Which of the following is cause and effect?

A．Tony got up and had a glass of water.

B．We came home and found him sleeping.

C．The ball was lost and a window was broken.

D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.

5.What is the best title for the next?

A．Truth and lies                          B．Work and sleep

C．Cause and effect                        D．Life and dreams

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.C

【解析】短文大意：這篇短文主要以幾個(gè)事例分析了事情之間的因果關(guān)系。

1.根據(jù)第二段For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect.描述，可知選A。

2.根據(jù)第三段Maybe he bullied(欺負(fù)) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!描述，可知他打算去購物，不是被叫去辦公室的原因。故選B。

3.聯(lián)系最后一段Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking.描述，可知道格正在夢(mèng)游。故選C。

4.根據(jù)短文描述，可知起床和喝水之間沒有因果關(guān)系，我們回家和發(fā)現(xiàn)他正在睡覺不是因果關(guān)系，球丟失了和窗戶被打碎也不是因果關(guān)系。蒂姆又遲到了和他的老師生氣了是因果關(guān)系，故選D。

5.這篇短文主要論述了事件之間的因果關(guān)系，故選C，因果關(guān)系。