Question

【題目】 It Is Never Too Early to Think—and Communicate—like a Scientist

Who is a scientist and what is his job? A chemist doing experiments? A geologist out studying rocks? When most people think about science, they imagine characters making discoveries or finding cures （治療方法）for new diseases. However, these leave out an extremely important part of the scientific process: communicating—sharing the results of that work.

Imagine if someone discovered something important about a disease. Other scientists need to understand the work well enough to use these new developments to make even more discoveries in the future. The public, too, needs to understand how these discoveries might influence their lives. But none of this will be possible if the work is not shared. Being a scientist goes far beyond the moment of discovery.

Without clear communication, scientists would not be able to use the work that has already been done. So how do scientists tell others about the work that they have done? How do they make sure that everything that they share is as clear and correct as possible?

Researchers publish their work in scientific journals（期刊）.These journals can be read by other researchers around the world. It is very important for these journals, and for the scientists who read them, to make sure that the research included is as correct as possible. In order to do that, articles given to scientific journals before publication first go through a process called peer review. Other scientists who do research in areas related to the work in an article are asked to read through it. Scientists also provide feedback to the writers. They bring up new questions the writer may not have considered, recognize limitations to the results being described, and also make sure that no mistakes were made during the process.

Frontiers for Young Minds is a scientific journal written for—and reviewed by young people. All of the articles in it are based on works already published in a peer reviewed scientific journal. However, while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists, there are no better experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves. By working together with an experts young reviewers read the article to see if any part of the article is hard to understands make it clear why the experiment was done in the way it was done and check whether the figures （數(shù)據(jù)）clearly explain the point of the article.

Basically, these young reviewers learn to think like scientists. It is never too early to start! Ask questions, learn new things, and don't forget the importance of communicating your findings.

【1】What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.What is required to be a good scientist.

B.Who should understand a scientist’s job.

C.Why sharing the results of scientific work is important.

D.How scientists make sure their work is clear and correct.

【2】From the passage we can know that________.

A.scientists are good at working together with others

B.young people usually enjoy reading scientific journals

C.in peer review, other scientists bring up questions to readers

D.young reviewers help make articles in Frontiers for Young Minds more readable

【3】What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?

A.To introduce how scientists do their jobs.

B.To offer practical advice on how to ask scientific questions.

C.To explain the effects of peer review on scientific journals.

D.To encourage young people to think and communicate like scientists.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】D

【解析】

本文講了交流的重要性，并鼓勵年輕人像科學(xué)家一樣交流和思考。

【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段末尾However, these leave out an extremely important part of the scientific process: communicating—sharing the results of that work. 然而，這些都忽略了科學(xué)過程中一個極其重要的部分：交流——分享這項工作的結(jié)果。由此引出下一段的話題，由第二段Imagine if someone discovered something important about a disease…Being a scientist goes far beyond the moment of discovery. “想象一下，如果有人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種重要的疾病,其他科學(xué)家需要充分了解這項工作，以利用這些新的信息，在未來做出更多的發(fā)現(xiàn)。公眾也需要了解這些發(fā)現(xiàn)是如何影響他們生活的。但如果這些工作不能交流共享，那上述的這些就成為不可能。作為一名科學(xué)家遠遠超出了發(fā)現(xiàn)的時刻。”可知本段用反例來證明交流的重要性，故選C。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段“In order to do that, articles given to scientific journals before publication first go through a process called peer review.”可知“peer review”是其他科學(xué)家給文章作者提意見，而非讀者。D選項的出處為第五段中“However, while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists, there are no better experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves.”中文意為：“然而，盡管科學(xué)家能保證他們寫的文章能被同行們讀懂，但在讓年輕人看懂科學(xué)類文章這件事兒上，沒有什么專家能比得上年輕人自己了。（也即：年輕人更懂年輕人。）”，從而得出“年輕審稿人會讓該雜志的文章更具可讀性”這一結(jié)論，即選項D。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段It Is Never Too Early to Think—and Communicate—like a Scientist“像科學(xué)家一樣思考和交流永遠不會太早”。和最后一段Basically, these young reviewers learn to think like scientists. It is never too early to start! Ask questions, learn new things, and don't forget the importance of communicating your findings. 最根本的是，這些年輕人要學(xué)會像科學(xué)家一樣思考。從現(xiàn)在開始永遠不會太早！ 提出問題，學(xué)習(xí)新事物，不要忘記交流發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性�？芍�作者寫作的目的是鼓勵年輕人像科學(xué)家一樣思考和交流。故選D。