【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示,填寫所缺單詞,并將答案填寫在答題卷標(biāo)號(hào)為1-10的相應(yīng)位置上。

The development of the English language took a giant step in 1607. Three small British ships c 【1】 the Atlantic Ocean. They began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people. For example, many of the great r 2 in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. This borrowing or adding of foreign words to English was a w 3 of expanding(擴(kuò)大)the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin’s-day became Wednesday in English, Thor’s-day became T 4 and Freya’s-day became Friday.

Experts cannot explain many English words. For h 5 of years, a dog was called a “hound.” The word is still u 6 but not as commonly as the word “dog.” English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins(起源) are unknown i 7 “fun,” “bad,” and “big.”

English speakers also continue to invent n 8 words by linking old words together. A good example is the words “motor” and “hotel.” Many years ago s 9 linked them together into the word “motel.” A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.

Other words come from the f 【10 letters of names of groups or devices. For example, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.

【答案】

【1】crossed

【2】rivers

【3】way

【4】Thursday

【5】hundreds

【6】used

【7】including

【8】new

【9】someone/somebody

【10】first

【解析】

試題分析:這篇短文給我們講述了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展,尤其是詞匯的擴(kuò)大。英語(yǔ)中很多單詞都來(lái)源于其他語(yǔ)言,而且現(xiàn)在還有很多新詞不斷的出現(xiàn),讓英語(yǔ)的詞匯豐富。很多單詞專家們也不知道他們的起源,但是這些單詞仍然還在使用。

【1】句意:三艘英國(guó)的小船穿過(guò)了大西洋。cross穿過(guò),是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。這個(gè)空格處所填的是該句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)空后的Atlantic Ocean可知這個(gè)的詞義應(yīng)該是穿過(guò)。這篇短文講述的是過(guò)去的事情,故應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),這里應(yīng)該填過(guò)去式crossed。

【2】句意:例如,美國(guó)的很多大河的名字都來(lái)源于美印第安人的詞匯。river河流,根據(jù)下句話中Mississippi 就是一條河流的名字,所以這里應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是河流的名字。因?yàn)榭涨懊嬗衜any,故這里用復(fù)數(shù)形式rivers。

【3】句意:這樣從別的語(yǔ)言中借此增添到英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中是一種擴(kuò)大英語(yǔ)詞匯的方法。way方式,方法,根據(jù)上文的描述可知,英語(yǔ)中的很多詞匯都來(lái)源于其他語(yǔ)言,正因?yàn)檫@樣,英語(yǔ)的詞匯才越來(lái)越豐富。因此這是一種擴(kuò)大詞匯的方法。a way of doing …做某事的方法。

【4】句意:北歐的人們每周都有特殊的一天來(lái)紀(jì)念神,Odin’s Day 就變成了英語(yǔ)中的星期三,Thor’s-Day 變成了英語(yǔ)中的周四,而Freya’s-Day就變成了興趣五。根據(jù)句意我們可以推斷,在周三和周五之間的應(yīng)該是周四,故應(yīng)該填Thursday。

【5】句意:幾百年來(lái),狗都被稱為hound。hundred 百,是一個(gè)數(shù)詞,跟數(shù)詞連用時(shí)不用復(fù)數(shù),或者構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)hundreds of,幾百,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

【6】句意: 這個(gè)詞仍然在使用,但是不如dog這個(gè)詞更普遍。use使用,是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)這句話的意思可知,這里應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故應(yīng)填過(guò)去分詞used。

【7】句意:其他很多詞的起源也是不知道的,包括fun, bad, big。include包括,是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知,這里作者給我們舉了一些不知道單詞的起源的例子,故這里應(yīng)該用including。

【8】句意:說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人還在通過(guò)把舊詞聯(lián)系在一起的方式發(fā)明新的單詞。new 新的。根據(jù)這一段的意思可知,現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)中的詞匯還在增加,人們還在發(fā)明很多新詞。

【9】句意:很多年前,有人把motor和hotel兩個(gè)詞聯(lián)系在一起組成了新詞motel。someone 或者somebody都是某人的意思,表示不知道的人。

【10】句意:其他的單詞來(lái)源于一個(gè)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)的名字中的第一個(gè)字母。first第一個(gè)。根據(jù)下面作者舉的例子NATO可知,還有一些單詞的構(gòu)成,是通過(guò)把名字中的第一個(gè)字母組合起來(lái)的。故應(yīng)填first。

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