Question

Many people think of the brain as a mystery. They don’t know much about intelligence and how it works. When they do think about what intelligence is, many people believe that a person is born smart, average, or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life. But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle（肌肉）—it changes and gets stronger when you use it. And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.

Everyone knows that when you lift weights, your muscles get bigger and you get stronger. A person who can’t lift 20 pounds when he/she starts exercising can get strong enough to lift 100 pounds after working out for a long time. That’s because the muscles become larger and stronger with exercise. And when you stop exercising, the muscles shrink（收縮）and you get weaker. That’s why people say “Use it or lose it!”

But most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things, parts of their brain change and get larger a lot like muscles do when they exercise. Inside the cortex（皮層）of the brain are billions of tiny nerve（神經元）cells（細胞）,called neurons. The nerve cells have branches connecting them to other cells in a complicated（復雜）network. Communication between these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems. When you learn new things, these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger. The more you challenge your mind to learn, the more your brain cells grow. Then, things that you once found very hard or even impossible to do —like speaking a foreign language or doing algebra（代數(shù)）—seem to become easy after learning them for a period of time. The result is a stronger, smarter brain.

Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’ brains. They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more “perspicacious”—they were better at solving problems and learning new things.

1.According to the first paragraph, .

A.the function（作用）of our brain is like that of the muscle

B.until now it’s impossible to explain the brain’s mystery

C.many people believe one’s intelligence is naturally determined（決定）

D.one’s brain grows stronger as the age increases

2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A.The complicated structure of the brain.

B.How changes in the muscles affect the brain.

C.The importance of the brain.

D.How the brain becomes stronger by learning new things.

3.What does the underlined word “perspicacious” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Strong. B.Smart. C.Popular. D.Active.

4.The paragraph that follows the passage will most probably talk about .

A.the differences between animals’ brains and humans’ brains

B.the relation between human brains and muscles

C.scientists’ findings about animals’ brains

D.how to make your brain smarter through self-development

Answer 1