【題目】 Big data (數(shù)據(jù)) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments.

Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons can be used to predict which kinds of people probably break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong

How can big data be used for good and bad thing? It is because the computer programs which are used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way and build a model of the ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.

An 【1】to Big Data

The meaning of big data

It is many sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. And it can have different kinds of information from many sources.

Usages of big data

●The government uses it to do researches on how many people use 【2】like buses or trains to improve bus or train systems.

●Some teachers use it to know who may need extra help in class so that they can help or support the students more in school.

●Companies use big data to understand their 【3】habits.

Reasons for using big data

●On the one hand, hospitals use it to make 【4】 about the health conditions of babies who are born too early. And the hospitals can take better care of them.

●On the other hand, it can be used to predict which kinds of people probably break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.

Conclusion

Big data has been widely used nowadays. It can be helpful, but sometimes, It can also cause problems. That 【5】 the ideas of the people who write the computer programs.

【答案】

【1】introduction

【2】public transportation

【3】customers' shopping

【4】predictions

【5】depends on

【解析】

本文簡(jiǎn)述了什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及如何運(yùn)用，大數(shù)據(jù)（big data）是一組集合在一起的信息，以便計(jì)算機(jī)程序使用。計(jì)算機(jī)程序在數(shù)據(jù)中查找不同類(lèi)型的答案或模式。它既有好的一面，也有不好的一面。

【1】句意：大數(shù)據(jù)概論。

本文簡(jiǎn)述了什么是大數(shù)據(jù)以及如何運(yùn)用，大數(shù)據(jù)（big data）是一組集合在一起的信息，以便計(jì)算機(jī)程序使用。本文就是大數(shù)據(jù)概論。故答案為：introduction。

【2】句意：政府利用它來(lái)研究有多少人使用公共汽車(chē)或火車(chē)等公共交通工具來(lái)改善公共汽車(chē)或火車(chē)系統(tǒng)。

根據(jù)“The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better.”政府用它來(lái)了解有多少人乘公共汽車(chē)或火車(chē)旅行。這些信息被用來(lái)改善公共汽車(chē)或火車(chē)系統(tǒng)�？芍�buses or trains這些都是公共交通工具。故答案為：public transportation。

【3】句意：公司利用大數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)了解客戶(hù)的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣。

根據(jù)“It helps them understand who buys their products.”它幫助他們了解誰(shuí)購(gòu)買(mǎi)他們的產(chǎn)品。也就是了解客戶(hù)的購(gòu)物習(xí)慣。因此customer應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)的名詞所有格形式。故答案為：customers' shopping。

【4】句意：一方面，醫(yī)院用它來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)早產(chǎn)嬰兒的健康狀況。

根據(jù)“Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick.”一些醫(yī)院利用大數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)過(guò)早出生的嬰兒是否會(huì)生病。make是動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)該用名詞形式。句中的about the health conditions of babies中的babies是復(fù)數(shù)，因此prediction用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案為：predictions。

【5】句意：這取決于編寫(xiě)計(jì)算機(jī)程序的人的想法。

根據(jù)“People think a certain way and build a model of the ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data.”人們以某種方式思考并建立一個(gè)思想模型。然后這些想法被用來(lái)查看數(shù)據(jù)�？芍�，大數(shù)據(jù)的好壞取決于編寫(xiě)計(jì)算機(jī)程序的人的想法。取決于：depend on；該句話(huà)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而主語(yǔ)That又是單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)用三單形式。故答案為：depends on。

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】閱讀下面短文，從題中所給的 A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Jack worked as a manager（經(jīng)理）in a big company. He was hard-working. He was so busy that he sometimes took work home to do.

One day, Jack had to prepare for a meeting. So he took some work home to complete. While he was working, his 5-year-old son, Tim, came to talk to him every few minutes. He had to stop working and he couldn’t focus. After several such breaks, Jack got an idea. He found that there was a map of the world in the evening paper. He showed the map to Tim. Then he cut it into pieces and told Tim to put the map together again. He thought this would keep Tim busy for a long time and he could complete his work. However, in about 4 minutes Tim excitedly told Jack he had finished the task. Jack was surprised and asked the boy how he had done it so quickly. Tim said, “There was a picture of a man on the other side of the newspaper. So I just turned it over and put the man together. When I got the man right. The world was right.”

【1】Jack worked ____________.

A.in a bankB.in a hospitalC.in a big companyD.on a farm

【2】One day, Jack took some work home to complete because____________.

A.he was very lazyB.he was sleepy

C.he had to play with his sonD.he had to prepare for a meeting

【3】The Chinese meaning of the underlined word “focus” in the passage is____________.

A.集中注意力B.焦點(diǎn)、重點(diǎn)C.調(diào)整焦距D.拼地圖

【4】It took Tim about____________ minutes to put the map together again.

A.7B.4C.5D.6

【5】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Tim is 10 years old.B.Jack gave Tim a book.

C.Jack worked hard.D.Tim knew the map of the world very well.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】句型轉(zhuǎn)換 按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列句型，每空填一詞。

【1】Must I leave here right away? (作否定回答)

No, _______ __________. You can leave an hour later.

【2】You must finish the work on time. (改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

The work must _______ ________ on time.

【3】I borrowed this book two days ago. (用for two days改寫(xiě)句子)

I _______ ________ this book for two days.

【4】How will you deal with the old car? (改為同義句)

_______ will you ______ with the old car?

【5】He didn’t miss school. He was ill. (合并為一句)

He didn’t miss school _____ ______ his illness

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，補(bǔ)全單詞。

【1】You should ____________（道歉）to her.

【2】I am a____________ of snake, because they are dangerous.

【3】Who is the w_____ of this book?

【4】December is the t____________ month of the year.

【5】There are lots of ____________（綿羊）in Australia.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】

A

Your temperature can affect(影響) how you feel about other people. A study showed that experiencing physical warmth gives people a more positive attitude(積極的態(tài)度). For example, if you're holding a cup of hot coffee, you are probably more selfless towards others.

B

About one in 10 people are left-handed. Many people think being left-handed happens for no reason. But. a new study shows that it’s caused by genes. British scientists have found genetic instructions(基因指令)in human DNA. They might cause people to be left-handed at birth. The instructions affect the part of the brain that deals with (處理) language. This might be why left-

handers are better at learning languages.

C

A group of French researchers found that children with older brothers take longer to develop language skills. These children had a two-month delay (延遲) in language development on average(平均) compared to children with older sisters. Researchers think this is because older brothers talk more often in order to draw their parents' attention. Older sisters might talk with their younger sisters or brothers more.

D

Are you a quiet person? Maybe you can try to pretend(假裝) to be outgoing. This will make you happier, according to a study by US scientists. They asked 123

people to try more outgoing behaviors, such as talking more and being more active for one week. During a second week, they acted as they usually would. The people said that they felt happier when they tried to behave as if they were outgoing. They didn't feel uncomfortable.

【1】Match passages A~D with the two topics: ①Language Learning;②Human Feelings. Which of the following is right?

A.①- BD;②- ACB.①- AD;②- BCC.①- BC;②-AD

【2】From Passage B, which might be the reason why left-handers do better in language learning than others?

A.For no reasons.B.Genetic instructions.C.Interests.

【3】Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Trying more outgoing behaviors might make you happier.

B.Human feelings may be influenced by different factors(因素).

C.Children with older sisters may be worse at language development than those with older brothers.

【4】Which of the following questions is answered in the passages?

A.Why are some people left- -handed?

B.Why does temperature affect human feelings?

C.Why do people feel happier when they pretend to be outgoing?

【5】In which part of a newspaper can you probably read these passages?

A.Health.B.Sports.C.Science.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】 Drinking milk every day is good for your health. However, if one day someone gives you a cup of cow-free milk, will you still want to have a drink?

Recently, an American company named Perfect Day surprised the world with its synthetic (合成的) milk. The milk looks and tastes almost like cow milk and has all the same nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)素).

The creators of Perfect Day are two young scientists, Ryan Pandya and Perumal Gandhi. Working in different cities, they didn’t know each other at first. But they shared the same crazy idea about making milk without the help from cows. They thought it would make the world a kinder, greener place. After they met, they started working on a way of making their dream a reality.

The secret to making cow-free milk? Yeast (酵母), 3D printing technology and old fermentation processes (發(fā)酵方法). They have developed a process quite like making beer. The two scientists also say their milk has longer shelf life than the real milk. What’s more, it’s delicious, safe and Earth-friendly. “We want people to enjoy our milk, while leaving a kinder footprint on the planet,” say the two young men.

However, they also know it will be a long way before people accept their synthetic milk.

Before people accept the synthetic milk, maybe we should do something to reduce waste. A store in Scotland is doing such a thing. It sells milk in a vending machine (自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)). The vending machine allows people to refill their glass bottles with fresh milk. “The milk vending machine lets us work with a local farm to get really tasty milk for our customers without wasting plastic containers (集裝箱),” one worker from the store said. It helps to save the store about one hundred plastic containers a day.

【1】What is synthetic milk?

A.It is a kind of cow milk.B.It is a kind of cow-free milk.

C.It is a kind of cow milk mixture.D.It is a kind of cheese.

【2】What does the underlined word “refill” mean?

A.Control again.B.Fill again.C.Empty quickly.D.Fill quickly.

【3】What can we infer from the passage?

A.The synthetic milk might make the world a kinder and greener place.

B.People enjoy drinking the synthetic milk.

C.The synthetic milk will be tastier than the cow milk.

D.The synthetic milk is cheaper and healthier.

【4】What’s the main idea of the passage’?

A.Drinking milk every day is good for our health.

B.The synthetic milk is easy to make.

C.People easily accept the synthetic milk.

D.Two scientists hope to use cow-free milk to make the world a greener place.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】—Sally , Of the three movies The Captain , My People, My Country and The Climbers , which do you like best?

—The Captain . Because it's based on the real event ______happened on May 14, 2018 in Chengdu.

A.whoB.whichC.what

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】 Robots seem to be getting cleverer and cleverer. Here are four examples.

Budge

●He was created by Robert Hunt.

●With two wheels and a little basket, he can carry things for you while you’re at the shops.

Faro

●He was made by Anorak Toshiba.

●He is used for cheering up the patients. He can also look after the patients.

He can learn a name and even show feelings such as surprise, happiness and sadness.

Rover

●He was created by a team at Sydney University.

●He is used to make cows move together from a field to a dairy(牛奶場(chǎng)).

Simon

●He was developed by the Georgia Institute of Technology.

●He is used for cleaning.

●In tests, he could tell whether someone was paying attention to him or not.

【1】We can learn from the passage that Faro .

A.can tell whether others pay attention to him

B.was created by Robert Hunt

C.can help cows produce more milk

D.is mainly used in hospitals

【2】What can Simon do according to the passage?

A.Show feelings.B.Clean offices.

C.Move cows.D.Learn names.

【3】Where does the passage probably come from?

A.A health report.B.A tourist map.

C.A science magazine.D.A medical dictionary.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：

【題目】 My name is Caroline and I work as a doctor in a children’s hospital. I must share a heart-warming experience I enjoyed last week.

Last Friday there was a big party at the hospital. Most of the doctors and nurses would be there, but of course some of us had to stay to look after the children. I felt a little sad because I was not free to go to the party. I enjoyed dancing very much. While my friends were getting ready to go to the party, I felt very sorry for myself.

At ten o’clock, I went to see each child one after another and said good night to them. Then I came to a little boy called Jimmy. Jimmy was only 10 years old, but he already talked like an adult. Poor Jimmy was badly ill. In fact, he was getting weaker day by day. However, he was always thinking about others. We all liked the little boy very much.

When I came up to his bed, I noticed a piece of cake on the table beside his bed. When I was thinking why the cake was there, he said, “I’m very sorry that you have to miss the dance because of us. But we are going to have a party for you. If you look in my drawer(抽屜), you’ll find a piece of cake. I saved it from my supper today, so it’s quite fresh.” I thanked him. “I’d dance with you myself if I was able to get up,” he added. His words warmed my heart.

Suddenly the hospital party seemed very far away and not at all important to me.

【1】Caroline works in ________.

A.a bankB.an officeC.a schoolD.a hospital

【2】Caroline felt ________ when she could not go to the party.

A.sadB.luckyC.happyD.surprised

【3】All the doctors liked Jimmy because ________.

A.he was a little boyB.he often gave doctors cakes

C.he got weaker day by dayD.he always thought about others

【4】From the passage, we know that ________.

A.Jimmy was not badly illB.Jimmy warmed Caroline’s heart

C.Jimmy danced with CarolineD.the hospital party was far away

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案