Question

【題目】用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

chopstick, die, place, towards, how, with, by, into, slow, pride

There are many differences between Chinese eating habits and Western eating habits. In the West, everyone has their own plate of food. But in China the dishes【1】on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated【2】a Chinese host, there must be a lot of food prepared for you. Chinese are very【3】of their culture and will do their best to show their hospitality (好客).And sometimes the Chinese host uses his【4】to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The proper thing to do would be to eat whatever it is and say【5】delicious it is. If you feel uncomfortable with this, you can just say a polite “Thanks” and leave the food there. Don’t stick your chopsticks upright【6】the rice bowl. Instead, lay (放置) them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody【7】, the shrine (神龕) to them has a bowl of sand or rice with two chopsticks which are stuck upright in it. It is impolite to set the teapot down where the spout (壺嘴) is facing【8】somebody. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting, usually just outward (向外) from the table. Don’t hit your bowl【9】 your chopsticks. Beggars (乞丐) hit their bowls, so this is not polite. Also, when the food is coming too【10】in a restaurant, people will tap their bowls. If you are in someone’s home, it is like offending the cook.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】are placed

【2】by

【3】proud

【4】chopsticks

【5】how

【6】into

【7】dies

【8】towards

【9】with

【10】slowly

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述的是中國(guó)和西方國(guó)家飲食習(xí)慣上的差異。在西方國(guó)家，每個(gè)人都會(huì)有自己的盤子，里面放上自己的食物；而在中國(guó)，所有的食物都是共享的。其次，當(dāng)你來(lái)中國(guó)，款待你的人會(huì)做很多吃的給你等等。

【1】句意：而在中國(guó)，盤子是被放在桌子上的，大家一起分享。

考查動(dòng)詞。本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)“on the table and everyone shares”在桌子上，大家一起分享，可知是放在桌子上一起分享。此處填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞place符合句意，主語(yǔ)為dishes，復(fù)數(shù)形式，且與place為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為be+過(guò)去分詞。故填are placed。

【2】句意：如果你受到中國(guó)主人的款待，一定有很多食物為你準(zhǔn)備。

考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，原句中a Chinese host 是treated動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用介詞by表示“被……”。故填by。

【3】句意：中國(guó)人為他們的文化而感到自豪，并將盡最大努力表現(xiàn)出他們的好客。

考查形容詞。根據(jù)“will do their best to show their hospitality”盡自己最大努力待客，提示可知對(duì)中國(guó)人對(duì)自己國(guó)家的文化很自豪。be proud of為……而感到自豪，固定搭配。故填proud。

【4】句意：有時(shí)，中國(guó)主人用他的筷子把食物放進(jìn)你的碗或盤子里。

考查名詞。根據(jù)原文“put food in your bowl or plate”將食物放進(jìn)你的碗里或碟子里。根據(jù)常識(shí)，在中國(guó)，我們慣用的是筷子。chopsticks名詞，筷子，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；故填chopsticks。

【5】句意：正確的做法是不管什么東西，都要吃掉，然后說(shuō)多么好吃。

考查感嘆詞。根據(jù)原文“This is a sign of politeness.” 這是禮貌的表現(xiàn)。這里表示在中國(guó)餐桌上有禮貌的行為。此處有delicious形容詞，前用感嘆詞how修飾，表示“多么美味”，故填how。

【6】句意：不要把筷子直立飯碗里。

考查介詞。根據(jù)原文“Don’t stick your chopsticks upright”不要把筷子豎起來(lái)，提示可知，這里表示把筷子豎著插在米飯里。into介詞，進(jìn)入……中；故填into。

【7】句意：原因是，當(dāng)有人死了時(shí)，他們的神龕有一碗沙子或米飯，有兩只筷子被直立地插在里面。

考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)原文“the shrine to them has a bowl of sand or rice with two chopsticks which are stuck upright in it”可知在祠堂里立上一雙筷子。因?yàn)槭庆籼茫�所以是人已�?jīng)死了。本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為somebody，第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單形式。die動(dòng)詞，死亡。故填dies。

【8】句意：放茶壺時(shí)，把壺嘴正對(duì)著某人是不禮貌的。

考查介詞。根據(jù)常識(shí)和原文“It is impolite to set the teapot…”放茶壺不禮貌，可知在中國(guó)，放茶壺的時(shí)候把壺嘴對(duì)著人是不禮貌的。此處somebody不定代詞，某人，前可以填寫介詞towards表示“朝向”。face towards朝向，面對(duì)。故填towards。

【9】句意：不要用筷子敲碗。

考查介詞。根據(jù)后句“Beggars hit their bowls”乞丐敲他們的碗，可知這里表示不能用筷子敲碗。with介詞，用；with your chopsticks用筷子。故填with。

【10】句意：此外，在餐館，當(dāng)食物來(lái)得太慢，人們會(huì)拍他們的碗。

考查副詞。根據(jù)原文“people will tap their bowls.”提示可知，當(dāng)餐館里的食物上得太慢的話，人們會(huì)輕拍他們的碗。故此處填寫副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞coming。 slowly副詞，緩慢地。故填slowly。