Question

【題目】 A new research has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression（抑郁）. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months, reduced the symptoms of a group of students by 40 percent.

“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students, ”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”

Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive（交互的）effect in combating depression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training( MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.

Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, which enabled those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.

Shors, who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus-part of the brain involved in memory and learning-says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.

The idea for the human intervention（干預）came from her laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.

By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.

“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be affective in improving mental health, ”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”

【1】What made the research so different?

A.Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B.Treating depression with special medicine.

C.Combining the two ways to reduce depression.D.Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.

【2】The underlined word "combasting" in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.

A.fightingB.developingC.improvingD.examining

【3】What can we know about what the participants did in the research?

A.They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B.They thought quietly and then took exercise.

C.They took exercise longer than they thought.D.They took exercise while thinking quietly.

【4】What is Shors' main purpose of her studies?

A.To find out certain brain cells of humans.B.To study the production of new brain cells.

C.To offer people a new method to reduce stress.D.To decide the links between stress and exercise.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)冥想和有氧運動一起可緩解抑郁；這兩種活動在抗抑郁方面具有交互作用。心理和身體訓練的結合使抑郁癥的學生不會讓問題或消極思想打敗他們。通過學習集中注意力和鍛煉，與抑郁癥作斗爭的人可以獲得新的學習技能，幫助他們處理信息、減少對過去的記憶；這種干預任何人在任何時候都可以免費進行。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.””.可知“這是第一次，冥想和有氧運動兩種行為方式一起被認為是治療抑郁癥的方法”；故選C。

【2】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“…discovered that a combination of mental and physical training( MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.”，可知“Alderman 和Shors2位醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)心理和身體訓練的結合使抑郁癥的學生不會讓問題或消極思想打敗他們。”，由此推斷上文指“冥想和有氧運動在對抗抑郁方面是有作用的”，可知combating意為“對抗”；故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.”，可知“他們先冥想30分鐘，然后做30分鐘的有氧運動。”；故選B。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“…with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.”，可知“她研究的主要目的是幫助個人學會從緊張的生活事件中恢復過來”，推斷“她研究的目的是為人們提供減壓的新方法”；故選C。

本篇閱讀單選考查細節(jié)理解、推理判斷和詞義猜測能力。題2可以從生詞后文本的描述推斷詞義；題3要根據(jù)文字的表層意思判斷“冥想和運動的先后順序”；題4要綜合文字的表層信息“她研究的主要目的是幫助個人學會從緊張的生活事件中恢復過來” 推斷“她研究的目的是為人們提供減壓的新方法”。