Question

2．Fish have ears．Really．They're quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body．For the past seven years，Simon Thorrold，a university professor，has been examining fish ears，small round ear bones called otoliths．
   As fish grow，so do their otoliths．Each day，their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate （碳酸鈣）．
By looking through a microscope （顯微鏡） and counting （數(shù)） these rings，Thorrold can determine the 
exact age of a young fish．As a fish gets older，its otoliths no longer get daily rings．Instead，they get yearly rings，which can also be counted，giving information about the fish's age，just like the growth rings of a tree．
    Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists．But Thorrold has turned to a new direction．They'reexamining the chemical elements （元素） of each otolith ring．
    The daily ring gives us the time，but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on 
any given day．These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in．It also says something about water temperature，which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring．
   Thorrold can tell，for example，if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water 
of coastal areas．He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history．
   In the case of the Atlantic croaker，a popular saltwater food fish，Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast，a journey of many hundreds of miles．
   This is important to managers in the fish industry，who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts （行蹤） of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean．Eager to learn about his technology，fish scientists 
are now lending Thorrold their ears．

57．What can we learn about fish ears from the text？B
A．They are small soft rings．
B．They are not seen from the outside．
C．They are openings only on food fish．
D．They are not used to receive sound．
58．Why does the writer compare the fish to trees？D
A．Trees gain a growth ring each day．
B．Trees also have otoliths．
C．Their growth rings are very small．
D．They both have growth rings．
59．Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings？C
A．The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea．
B．Chemical contents （含量） of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim．
C．We can know more about fish and their living environment．
D．Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is．
60．How would you understand"fish scientists are now lending their ears"？A
A．They are very interested in Thorrold's research findings．
B．They want to know where they can find fish．
C．They lend their fish for chemical studies．
D．They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears．

Answer 1

分析 文章大意：這是一篇說明文，短文主要介紹魚是有耳朵的．它們不僅非常小，而且是不外露的．魚通過身體來感知聲音，它們的聽覺器官叫做耳石，耳石會隨著魚的生長而發(fā)生變化．人們可以通過觀察魚的耳石來判斷其年齡．

解答 57．答案：B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段They're quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body"它們是相當(dāng)小的，沒有對外開放，通過身體傳遞聲音．可知，魚有耳朵，但魚的耳朵不是外露的，而是通過身體來聽聲音，從外面從沒有看到過．故選B．
58．答案：D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段第二行Instead，they get yearly rings，which can also be counted，giving information about the fish's age，just like the growth rings of a tree．"可知，當(dāng)幼魚長大一些的時候，它們的耳石開始每年增加一環(huán)，據(jù)此可以判斷魚的年齡，就像樹的年輪一樣．即它們都有生長環(huán)．故選D．
59．答案：C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam…These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in．It also says something about water temperature"可知，通過研究耳石的化學(xué)成分，可以了解魚的生活環(huán)境、水質(zhì)和水溫等情況，因此研究耳石環(huán)可以更多了解魚和它們的生長環(huán)境．故選C．
60．答案：A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一句Eager to learn about his technology"渴望了解他的技術(shù)，可知，就耳石的研究成果而言，魚類科學(xué)家們愿聞其詳，他們很渴望了解耳石的研究技術(shù)，故選A．

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