Question

【題目】 If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong.

Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter （腦灰質(zhì)）. This is the area of the brain which processes in formation. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learned a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density （ 密 度 ） in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference .

“Our findings suggesting that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience learning a second language, "said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and math skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（靈活的） he said", a better understanding of different ideas". You are actually going beyond（超出）language and have The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty﹣four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world, "explained the scientists.

【1】If people learn other languages, what will be changed?

A.grey matterB.white matterC.exerciseD.power

【2】What does the word "bilingual" probably mean in Chinese .

A.詞匯學(xué)B.雙語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者C.口語(yǔ)交際D.實(shí)用語(yǔ)法

【3】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A.Learning other languages can make you become smarter.

B.A second language can lead to an increase in your brain power

C.Learning other languages can change grey matter which processes information

D.Grey matter density in the brain was worse in bilinguals than that in people without a second language

【4】In the last two paragraphs, the writer wants to tell us that .

A.Italian is the best choice for you to learn as a second language

B.learninging a second language is the same as studying math

C.you'd better choose the ages between two and thirty﹣four to learn a second language

D.early learning of a second language helps you a lot in studying other subjects

【5】We may know from the scientific findings that .

A.the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time

B.the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain

C.the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is.

D.it's the same between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

文章大意：研究顯示，學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)能夠提升大腦的能力，這是因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)改變了大腦的灰質(zhì)，大腦灰質(zhì)負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)信息進(jìn)行加工；研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，越早開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)，這種效果就越明顯。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)其他語(yǔ)言會(huì)改變腦灰質(zhì)，得出A為正確答案，故答案選A。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句"who had learnt a second language before the age of five"可知，劃線詞指的是學(xué)習(xí)了第二種語(yǔ)言的人，故答案選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people．掃描顯示，雙語(yǔ)者大腦中灰質(zhì)密度比常人高，可知雙語(yǔ)灰白質(zhì)的密度比沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)第二門語(yǔ)言的人高，不是越差，所以D錯(cuò)誤，故答案選D。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段的句子：The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better．"Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，'explained the scientists．結(jié)果表明，他們開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)的年齡越小越好，"研究語(yǔ)言意味著你可以進(jìn)入另一個(gè)世界，"科學(xué)家解釋說(shuō)�？芍�作者想要告訴我們?cè)缙趯W(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)對(duì)其他科目的學(xué)習(xí)也是有好處的，故答案選D。

【5】推理判斷題。根據(jù)They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learned a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners．Scans showed that grey matter density （ 密 度 ） in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language．他們與一組在五歲之前學(xué)會(huì)第二語(yǔ)言的“早期雙語(yǔ)者”以及一些后來(lái)的學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，掃描顯示，雙語(yǔ)者大腦中的灰質(zhì)密度比沒(méi)有第二語(yǔ)言的人更高；可知結(jié)果表明，他們開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)的年齡越小越好，灰白質(zhì)的密度越高，所以C正確，故答案選C。