【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Have you ever shared a room with someone, perhaps a brother, sister, or roommate? How did you get along with the other person? Did you always have arguments 【1】 did you work out a way to share the space without arguments?
Astronauts say that one of the most difficult 【2】(part) of space exploration(探測) is sharing a tiny area with other people for a long time. Spaceships 【3】(design) to make the best use of every bit of room. There is no more area that you can escape to have 【4】 quiet time all alone. Nor can you decide to get away and go for a walk. It’s even 【5】(difficult) when you share the small area with astronauts from other cultures. These astronauts are usually the people 【6】 may have different lifestyles and customs.
【7】 do astronauts manage to have good relationships with their partners? First, astronauts are 【8】(careful) chosen for their experience, physical fitness, and ability to get along with other people. They decide to finish the task successfully, even that means giving up some 【9】(person) needs for the time being. Each member of the space team does research, so that takes up a lot of time. Then there are “spacing” skills such as listening 【10】 music on headphones or writing that can be done alone. Perhaps some of these will help you with your roommate.
【答案】
【1】or
【2】parts
【3】are designed
【4】your
【5】more difficult
【6】who
【7】How
【8】carefully
【9】personal
【10】to
【解析】
短文主要探討的是與他人同住相處有爭執(zhí)時,有沒有一種沒有爭執(zhí)的分享空間的方法。
【1】句意:你們總是有爭執(zhí)嗎?或者你有沒有想出一種沒有爭執(zhí)的分享空間的方法?
觀察句子,這是兩個完整的句子,那么應(yīng)該需要一個連詞,來連接兩個句子。這里應(yīng)該是并列句,又注意到這里是問句,所以“or或者”符合句意和語法,故答案填or。
【2】句意:宇航員們說,太空探索最困難的部分之一是與其他人長期共享一個很小的區(qū)域。
觀察句子,這是一個最高級句型“one of the + adj.最高級 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”,part部分,故答案填parts。
【3】句意:宇宙飛船的設(shè)計是為了最大限度地利用每一點空間。
觀察句子,這里缺少的是謂語部分,design v. 設(shè)計,結(jié)合句意,這里應(yīng)該“宇宙飛船”與“設(shè)計”應(yīng)該是被動關(guān)系,那么應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài),故答案填are designed。
【4】句意:沒有更多的地方可以讓你獨自享受安靜的時光。
觀察句子,這里考查的是代詞,我們要注意到從句中主語是“you”,那么這里對應(yīng)的是“your”。故答案填your。
【5】句意:當(dāng)你與來自其他文化的宇航員共用一小塊區(qū)域時,這就更難了。
觀察句子,這里考查的是比較級,結(jié)合語境和“even”可以修飾形容詞比較級,difficult adj.困難的,其比較級是more difficult,故答案填more difficult。
【6】句意:這些宇航員通常是生活方式和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣不同的人。
觀察句子,這里考查的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,該句子是一個定語從句,先行詞是“the people”,并且在從句中作主語,故答案填who。
【7】句意:宇航員如何設(shè)法與他們的伴侶保持良好的關(guān)系?
觀察句子,這是一個特殊疑問句,根據(jù)后文給出了一些建議,那么這里應(yīng)該是說怎樣保持良好的關(guān)系,故答案填How。
【8】句意:首先,宇航員是根據(jù)他們的經(jīng)驗、身體素質(zhì)和與他人相處的能力而精心挑選的。
觀察句子,注意到這里是修飾動詞“chosen”,那么應(yīng)該用副詞來修飾,故答案填carefully。
【9】句意:他們決定成功地完成任務(wù),即使這意味著暫時放棄一些個人需求。
觀察句子,注意到這里名詞“need 需求”,再結(jié)合提示詞“person n.人”,結(jié)合句意,應(yīng)該是表示“個人需求”,那么應(yīng)該是personal adj.個人的,故答案填personal。
【10】句意:還有一些“間隔”技能,比如戴著耳機聽音樂或?qū)懽,這些都是可以單獨完成的。
觀察句子,這里考查的是固定搭配,“l(fā)isten to聽”,符合句意和語法,故答案填to。
1.詞語搭配
(1)從語法角度來說,句子不是詞的序列,而是詞組的序列。
(2)因搭配關(guān)系而產(chǎn)生的一般性詞匯。如:see a film
(3)詞序和意義皆以固定的復(fù)合詞和動詞短語。如:push ahead with(奮力前行)。
(4)因詞組而構(gòu)成的常見的句式:It feels+形容詞+不定式,在搭配判斷時,注意:要區(qū)別外形相近而意義不同的搭配。如:look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。
2.語法判定
(1)要注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞類題,依次為動詞、介詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞。
a.名詞的選擇,應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞,注意其性和數(shù)的一致。
b.動詞的選用,要注意詞義和慣用搭配,還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式。
c.選擇介詞,應(yīng)注意其慣用法,特別是與動詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。
d.選擇代詞,要注意性、數(shù)、格是否準(zhǔn)確。
e.選擇連詞,要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。
f.選擇形容詞和副詞,要注意詞義的區(qū)別,用于比較時,還要注意詞形變化。
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