【題目】Rewrite the following sentences as required(根據(jù)所給要求,改寫下列句子。每空格限填一詞。)
【1】My cousin has won a scholarship to study at a university in Britain. (改為否定句)
My cousin __________ __________ a scholarship to study at a university in Britain.
【2】It is about twenty minutes' walk from my home to my new school campus. (對劃線部分提問)
__________ __________ is it from your home to your new school campus?
【3】The students opened the windows in order to have some fresh air. (保持句意基本不變)
The students opened the windows __________ __________ they could have some fresh air.
【4】John wonders, "Why did we make him our monitor?" (改為賓語從句)
John wonders __________ we __________ him our monitor.
【5】The Astronaut Center of China ran the project "Space 180" last year. (改為被動語態(tài))
The project "Space 180" __________ __________ by the Astronaut Center of China last year.
【6】Betty failed to get to school on time this morning. (改為反義疑問句)
Betty failed to get to school on time this morning, __________ __________.
【7】the Bund, banks and businesses, is, a big commercial center, with, lots of, (連詞成句)
_________________________________________________________________________.
【答案】
【1】 hasn’t won
【2】 How far
【3】 so that
【4】 why made
【5】 was run
【6】 didn’t she
【7】The Bund is a big commercial center with lots of banks and businesses.
【解析】
【1】由has won可知,本題的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),has為助動詞,其否定句是在助動詞has后加not,has not=hasn’t。后加動詞的過去分詞(won)。故答案為:(1). hasn’t (2). won
【2】根據(jù)要求,就劃線部分提問,屬于特殊疑問句。劃線部分是:about twenty minutes' walk;20分鐘的路程,指具體的距離,可以用how far來引導(dǎo)。故答案為:(1). How (2). far。
【3】本題考查同義句轉(zhuǎn)化。in order to+動詞原形,表示目的,可以用so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句來改寫;意思是“為了,以至于……”,空后面是they could have some fresh air.因此應(yīng)該用so that來引導(dǎo)。故答案為:(1). so (2). that。
【4】把原句引號里面的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的特殊疑問句,改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句,引導(dǎo)詞用why:為什么;來引導(dǎo)。從句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的陳述句,謂語動詞用make的過去式made。故答案為: (1). why (2). made。
【5】句子The Astronaut Center of China ran the project "Space 180" last year.的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),因此改后的被動句是一般過去時(shí)的被動句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:was/were+動詞的過去分詞。主語The project "Space 180"是單數(shù),因此be動詞用was。故答案為:(1). was (2). run。
【6】本題考查反意疑問句。反意疑問句由兩部分組成:前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句,后一部分是一個(gè)簡短的疑問句,兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。有兩種構(gòu)成:陳述部分肯定式+疑問部分否定式;陳述部分否定式+疑問部分肯定式。本題的前半部分是肯定的,因此后半部分用否定的。本題的謂語是動詞failed,因此要借助于助動詞did來完成,did not=didn’t,我們知道Betty是女性,因此用she。故答案為:(1). didn’t (2). she。
【7】the Bund:外灘;banks and businesses:銀行和企業(yè);a big commercial center:一個(gè)大型商業(yè)中心;with在這里表示伴隨;lots of:許多。連后的句意為:外灘是一個(gè)大型商業(yè)中心,有許多銀行和企業(yè)。故答案為:The Bund is a big commercial center with lots of banks and businesses.。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換的技巧:
所謂同義句轉(zhuǎn)換就是將一個(gè)句子用另一種形式表達(dá)出來,而且意思不變。因此,掌握的句型越多,做題就越方便、快捷、容易。但每種練習(xí)的方式總有一定的規(guī)律可循。
1. 用具有相同意思的詞或詞組進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
例:She has a good time in Wuhan.
轉(zhuǎn)換:She enjoys herself in Wuhan.
該題的第3 小題:本題考查同義句轉(zhuǎn)化。in order to=so that;為了,以至于……,空后面是they could have some fresh air.因此應(yīng)該用so that來引導(dǎo)。故答案為:(1). so (2). that
2. 借助于反義詞或反義詞組進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
例:I can’t run as fast as my brother.
轉(zhuǎn)換:I run more slowly than my brother.
My brother runs faster than I.
3. 詞語的理解和運(yùn)用
這里是指:由于詞性不同,但所表達(dá)的意思相同的句型變換。
如:例:We often go to school on foot.
轉(zhuǎn)換:We often walk to school.
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