Question

【題目】

The environmental group Greenpeace reported that plastic and chemical pollution are often found in snow and seawater collected in Antarctica（南極）. Greenpeace collected water and snow samples（樣本）from Antarctica during a visit this year. Laboratory tests proved the effect of human on the Antarctic.

"It was about one microplastic piece at least per liter（升）. It's worth worrying." said Greenpeace's Louisa Casson. Microplastics are extremely small parts of plastics. They come from the breakdown of bottles and other plastic waste in the world's oceans. In addition to microplastics, the Greenpeace study also proved that the presence of other chemicals and some harmful matter. These chemicals are widely used in industrial production and affect the birth and development of wildlife.

Plastic has been shown to harm wildlife. An example of this happened in southern Thailand. That was when a pilot whale died after eating up 80 pieces of plastic waste. Tests illustrated the waste weighed about eight kilograms.

International care about plastic pollution is rising. In India, Prime Minister Modi recently promised to ban all single-use plastic by 2022. In the city of Mumbai, Bollywood movie stars have been taking part in waste clean-up activities at Versova beach.

Plastic has been found in every corner of the world's oceans, from the bottom of the Pacific Mariana Trench to Antarctica. World governments decide on a European Union advice to create an Antarctic Ocean Protection Zone. At 1.8 million square kilometers, the area will be the largest protected one on the Earth.

【1】Greenpeace collected water and snow samples showing_______________.

A.the currents never play a role of protection

B.human has an effect on the Antarctic

C.more people have come to the Antarctic

D.microplastic pieces were newly found

【2】Microplastics can come from _______________according to the passage.

A.waste paperB.ring-pull cansC.plastic bagsD.one-off chopsticks

【3】What does the underlined word “illustrated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese?

A.表明B.講述C.想象D.推測

【4】To deal with the ocean pollution，world governments decide to_______________.

A.reduce the production of plastics

B.tell people to pick up the waste on beaches

C.tell people to recycle plastics

D.build some ocean protection areas

【5】What does the text mainly talk about?

A.The serious situation of plastic pollution.

B.The serious situation of pollution in oceans.

C.The serious situation of chemical pollution.

D.The methods of reducing water pollution.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【5】B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文中依據(jù)綠色和平組織對南極和海洋環(huán)境的科學(xué)研究，向人們揭示了人類活動(dòng)對環(huán)境的不利影響，尤其是塑料和化學(xué)品等垃圾的危害。同時(shí)文中也提到了人類為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出的努力。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：綠色和平組織收集了水樣和雪樣，表明了_______。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Greenpeace collected water and snow samples（樣本）from Antarctica during a visit this year. Laboratory tests proved the effect of human on the Antarctic.”可知綠色和平組織收集了水樣和雪樣，經(jīng)測驗(yàn)證明了人類對南極產(chǎn)生的影響。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)文章，塑料微�？梢詠碜杂�_______。根據(jù)常識以及第二段第四句“They come from the breakdown of bottles and other plastic waste in the world's oceans.”可知應(yīng)該是來自塑料廢物，只有塑料袋符合。故選C。

【3】詞義猜測題。題干意為：第三段中劃線單詞“illustrated”的中文意思可能是什么？根據(jù)句子“Tests illustrated the waste weighed about eight kilograms. ”可知，測試表明，這些垃圾重約8公斤。此處是指實(shí)驗(yàn)表明垃圾約重達(dá)8千克。故選A。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：為了解決海洋污染，世界政府決定_______。根據(jù)最后一段中的“World governments decide on a European Union advice to create an Antarctic Ocean Protection Zone. At 1.8 million square kilometers, the area will be the largest protected one on the Earth.”可知一些海洋保護(hù)區(qū)將被建立。故選D。

【5】主旨大意題。題干意為：文章主要講的什么？A項(xiàng)：塑料污染的嚴(yán)重情況；B項(xiàng)：海洋污染的嚴(yán)重情況；C項(xiàng)：化學(xué)污染的嚴(yán)重情況；D項(xiàng)：減少水污染的方法。通讀全文可知，本文講得是日益嚴(yán)重的海洋污染及對策。故選B。

本題的第3小題是詞義猜測題。詞義猜測題是閱讀理解中常見的一種題型，所猜測詞匯可以是生詞，也可以是熟詞新義，還可以是人稱代詞的指代內(nèi)容。詞義猜測題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測詞義和語義的能力，突出考查對語境的分析和把握能力。本題可以利用上下文語境來猜測詞意。猜測任何詞義都離不開上下文，所以要借助上下文對需要猜測的詞或短語進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推測。