【題目】九、完成句子

1你和你的姐姐擅長(zhǎng)跳舞嗎?

____________________________________________________________________

2那個(gè)留著一頭烏黑長(zhǎng)發(fā)的女孩是我的表妹。

____________________________________________________________________

3我們今天沒(méi)有家庭作業(yè),讓我們放學(xué)后去游泳吧。

____________________________________________________________________

4閱讀不是西蒙的愛(ài)好。

____________________________________________________________________

5在那邊的那個(gè)人是我們的語(yǔ)文老師。

____________________________________________________________________

【答案】

1Are you and your sister good at dancing?

2The girl with long black hair is my cousin.

3We don't have homework today. Let's go swimming after school.

4Reading isn't Simon's hobby.

5The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

【解析】

1由于句子沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間截點(diǎn),只是表達(dá)一個(gè)客觀的事實(shí),所以選擇用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)!吧瞄L(zhǎng)”be good at;主語(yǔ)是“你和你的姐姐”you and your sister是兩個(gè)人,所以系動(dòng)詞beare。根據(jù)題意,這是一般疑問(wèn)句,含有系動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)是:系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)+其它成分;故答案為:Are you and your sister good at dancing?

2根據(jù)題干可知,本題是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。題干主語(yǔ)是the girl,cousin的意思是“堂兄弟姐妹、表兄弟姐妹”。根據(jù)題干表達(dá)的意思可知:with的意思是“用、隨著”,long的意思是“長(zhǎng)的”,black的意思是“黑色、黑色的”,hair的意思是“頭發(fā)”,with long black hair的意思是“長(zhǎng)著黑色的長(zhǎng)發(fā)”;故答案為:The girl with long black hair is my cousin.

3由題干可知本句陳述的是客觀事實(shí),所以時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)!拔覀兘裉鞗](méi)有家庭作業(yè),我們“we”是主語(yǔ);“有”這里表示“某人有”所以用have,其否定式直接在前面加助動(dòng)詞即可,主語(yǔ)是we,助動(dòng)詞用don't;“家庭作業(yè)”homework;“今天”today.;所以本句翻譯為We don't have homework today.“讓我們放學(xué)后去游泳吧”,根據(jù)所給出的漢語(yǔ)可知,這是邀請(qǐng),表示建議和意見(jiàn)的,也是特殊的祈使句“讓我們?nèi)?/span>”,它的常用結(jié)構(gòu)是“Let's do sth.”,“去游泳”是固定詞組go swimming,“放學(xué)后”英文表達(dá)是after school;所以本句翻譯為Let's go swimming after school.故答案為:We don't have homework today. Let's go swimming after school.

4由題干可知本句陳述的是客觀事實(shí),所以時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。閱讀”英文表達(dá)是read,這里是在句中作主語(yǔ),所以要用動(dòng)名詞形式reading,而且位于句首,第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě);動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù),所以be動(dòng)詞用is,否定式直接在is后加not,isnot縮寫(xiě)為isn't;“西蒙的愛(ài)好”英文表達(dá)是Simon's hobby;故答案為:Reading isn't Simon's hobby.

5根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句意可知本句時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是the man,在那邊”是固定詞組over there,“我們的語(yǔ)文老師”our Chinese teacher,主語(yǔ)the man是單數(shù),所以系動(dòng)詞be“是”用is;故答案為:The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

對(duì)整句翻譯漢譯英這樣的題型來(lái)說(shuō),首先要首先快速瀏覽漢語(yǔ)句子,確定英語(yǔ)句子的形式、時(shí)態(tài)以及所用到的固定搭配等;然后看要翻譯的漢語(yǔ)句子,以核心謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為切入點(diǎn),找準(zhǔn)主謂賓、分清定狀補(bǔ);先翻譯主謂賓、后翻譯定狀補(bǔ),切塊對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯,最后再重新組合;翻譯時(shí)注意時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配及主謂一致等問(wèn)題。根據(jù)英漢兩種語(yǔ)言不同的思維方式、語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣和表達(dá)方式,在翻譯時(shí)增添一些詞、短句或句子,以便更準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出原文所包含的意義,使譯文符合英語(yǔ)的表述方式、方法和習(xí)慣。如,第1小題,由漢語(yǔ)句子可知時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),“擅長(zhǎng)”固定短語(yǔ)be good at;主語(yǔ)是you and your sister是兩個(gè)人,所以系動(dòng)詞beare;由題干可知這是一般疑問(wèn)句,所以把系動(dòng)詞are提前,故答案為:Are you and your sister good at dancing?第5小題,根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句意可知本句時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是the man,在那邊”是固定詞組over there,“我們的語(yǔ)文老師”our Chinese teacher,主語(yǔ)the man是單數(shù),所以系動(dòng)詞be“是”用is;故答案為:The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

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