【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空,使短文內(nèi)容完整、通順。每詞限用一次。

easy, message, good, start, divide, if, they, safe, excite, avoid, problem, sit

easy, message, good, start, divide, if, they, safe, excite, avoid, problem, sit

The new year brought new desks for students at a school inCalifornia,USA. The school's classrooms have all changed 1 seated desks to standing desks. “It's now the first all-standing school,” Juliet Starrett says. She 2 the group StandUp Kids and wanted to have everyUSpublic school kid using a standing desk in the next 10 years.

Starrett's daughters are both at that school. They are 3about their desks. “You feel happier, you're less tired and you're more active,” one of the girls says.

Some of the desks have wheels. Wheels allow the desks to be moved 4. The desks are also able to be set at different heights. Kids take breaks by5on the floor or on stools (凳子).

Mark Benden is an expert who studies how to make things easy and 6to use. According to him, standing workers are more focused and healthier. Researchers inNew Zealand,Australiaand theUnited Kingdomhad similar findings.

But not everyone believes standing is7than sitting. Some parents and teachers worry that kids will get tired and that standing for long may cause 8. And standing desks are more expensive.

Benden says both sitting and standing desks can cause problems 9 they are not the proper height. “Our10should not be ‘Sit less, stand more',” he says, “but ‘Sit less, move more'.”

【答案】

1their

2started

3excited

4easily

5sitting

6safe

7better

8problems

9if

10message

【解析】

文章大意:美國加利福尼亞的一所學校把學生的坐式課桌換成了站式課桌。專家介紹了學生使用站式課桌的好處和優(yōu)勢。也有家長和老師提出不同的看法。

1句意學校的教室都把坐著的課桌換成了站著的課桌?疾樾稳菰~性物主代詞此處需要一個單詞來修飾seated desks,同時它代替前面的the school classrooms,所以選they,又因為需要形容詞性物主代詞,故答案為:their。

2句意她創(chuàng)辦了“站起來的孩子”組織,并希望在未來10年內(nèi)讓每個美國公立學校的孩子都能使用一張辦公桌。考查動詞。she是主語,后面要跟謂語動詞,根據(jù)后面的 and wanted to…,此處需要一個動詞,并且要用動詞過去式和wanted并列,根據(jù)預猜句意"她發(fā)起了"孩子們站起來"這個活動",選stand,又因為要用一般過去時,故答案為:started。

3句意他們對自己的桌子很興奮?疾閯釉~固定結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)后面一個女孩說,"你感覺更快樂,不那么累,更活躍",可知,此處應該表示快樂、興奮,所以選excite;而且be excited about是一個固定句型,意思是"對…感到興奮",可知此處要用be excited about,故答案為:excited。

4句意輪子使書桌移動方便?疾楦痹~。根據(jù)前面"輪子使課桌移動"是一個完整的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),此處需要的修飾語,選easy,又因為修飾動詞要用副詞,所以將形容詞easy變?yōu)楦痹~easily,故答案為:easily。

5句意孩子們坐在地板上或凳子上休息?疾閯釉~。根據(jù)on the floor or on stools此處需要動詞;by+doing是固定搭配,意思是"通過…的方式",可以預猜句意為"孩子們坐在地板上或凳子上休息",所以選sit,sit變現(xiàn)在分詞,需要雙寫t,再加ing,故答案為:sitting。

6句意馬克·本登是一位研究如何使事物易于使用和安全使用的專家。考查形容詞。根據(jù)前面的"how to make things easy and"可知,此處需要填一個形容詞和easy并列,再根據(jù)預猜句意"馬克本登是一位研究如何使事物變得簡單和安全使用的專家",可知此處safe,故答案為:safe。

7句意但并不是每個人都認為站著比坐著好。考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)后面的"than sitting"可知,此處需要填比較級,根據(jù)前面的is可知,此處要用形容詞作表語,根據(jù)預猜句意"不是每個人都相信站著比坐著好",所以選good,good的比較級是better,故答案為:better。

8句意一些家長和老師擔心孩子會累,長時間站立可能會導致問題?疾槊~。根據(jù)前面的"Some parents and teachers worry that kids will get tired"有些家長和老師擔心孩子會累,可以預猜后面是"長時間站著可能會引起問題",所以選problem,problem是可數(shù)名詞,此處要用復數(shù)形式,故答案為:problems。

9句意本登說,如果坐著和站著的桌子的高度不合適,它們都會引起問題?疾檫B詞。根據(jù)前面"Benden says both sitting and standing desks can cause problems"本登說站式和坐式的桌子就會產(chǎn)生問題",可知此句是主從復合句,再根據(jù)預猜語義"如果它們的高度不合適"可知,此處是條件狀語從句,所以選if來引導條件狀語從句,故答案為:if。

10句意“我們的信息不應該是‘坐得少,站得多’,”他說,“而應該是‘坐得少,動得多’。”考查名詞。根據(jù)后面的動詞"should not be…"可知,此處需要主語,再根據(jù)前面的"our"可知,需要一個名詞,所以選message,預猜句意為"我們的信息不應該是"少坐,多站"",故答案為:message。

選詞填空題是初中英語的一個重要題型,它集詞的用法與搭配、詞語辨析、語法、單句理解等考查于一體,既考查了考生的語言知識水平,又檢測了考生的分析判斷能力和綜合運用語言知識的實踐能力。

1. 在拿到題目后,不要急于看文章,首先對備選的詞匯研究幾遍,對詞性做簡單的標記,例如:名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等等,同時對詞義作初步的理解。

2. 仔細閱讀句子,充分理解句子的意思,注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配關(guān)系,憑借語感積極主動地猜測空格中所缺的信息,根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。

3. 在選定單詞后,不要輕率地填入。在填詞過程中,需要瞻前顧后,既要符合本句的含義,又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。當你選定一個名詞時,要考慮是否要把它變成復數(shù)或“所有格”形式。其他還要考慮名詞是否需要變成形容詞;在遇到動詞時,要有意識地去考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化以及非謂語動詞形式的變化(動詞不定式-to do,現(xiàn)在分詞-doing,過去分詞-done,固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./ used to do sth./ have sth. done…);形容詞和副詞填空時要主動去判定是否需要變成比較級或高級,還有它們之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換以及形容詞變名詞也需考慮,例如:more interesting/the most interesting,happy-happily/happiness;填入代詞時,需注意辨別主格、賓格、名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞或反身代詞的用法;數(shù)詞方面要注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的變化以及分數(shù)的用法。

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