Question

【題目】The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed the earth in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.

Water Pollution

A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.

Air Pollution

In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.

Soil Pollution

In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.

Hope For The Future

These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案，并將其字母代號(hào)填入答題卡相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)。

【1】________ have made the earth change a lot.

A. Plants B. Animals C. Human beings D. Water

【2】There are ________ kinds of pollution in this passage.

A. two B. three C. four D. five

【3】________is a big problem now.

A. Pollution B. Population C. Education D. Medical treatment

【4】The underlined word “chemicals” in the passage means“________”in Chinese.

A. 農(nóng)用工具 B. 建筑材料 C. 化學(xué)藥物 D. 營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)

【5】Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.

B. Air pollution can make people sick.

C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.

D. Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 C

【2】 B

【3】 A

【4】 C

【5】 B

【解析】

這篇短文講述了人類活動(dòng)對地球造成的影響。有些影響對地球有利，但更多的行為對地球有害。作者從水污染、空氣污染和土壤污染說明人類活動(dòng)對地球造成的有害影響，并對未來進(jìn)行了提出了希望，號(hào)召大家成為綠色人。

【1】題意：________使地球發(fā)生了很大的變化�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解。A. Plants植物；B. Animals動(dòng)物；C. Human beings人類；D. Water水。根據(jù)第一段第二句Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed the earth in many ways.（現(xiàn)代人在地球上只生活了35000年，但在那期間，我們在許多方面改變了地球。）可知是人類使地球發(fā)生了很大的變化。選C。

【2】題意：在這篇文章里有___________種污染�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解。A. two二；B. three三；C. four四；D. five五。從整體來看，可知文中提到三種污染（從第二到四段），他們分別是Water Pollution（水污染），Air Pollution（空氣污染）和Soil Pollution（土壤污染）。故選B。

【3】題意：現(xiàn)在_______是個(gè)大問題�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解。A. Pollution污染；B. Population人口；C. Education教育；D. Medical treatment醫(yī)療。根據(jù)第二段至第四段講述了水污染、空氣污染和土壤污染，并且很嚴(yán)重，可知現(xiàn)在污染是個(gè)大問題。選A。

【4】題意：文中下畫線“chemicals”一詞在漢語中的意思是“______________”。A. 農(nóng)用工具；B. 建筑材料；C. 化學(xué)藥物；D. 營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。考查詞義推測。根據(jù)下文That’s bad for the soil（對土壤有害）可知上文In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields.句意是：為了獲得豐收，大多數(shù)農(nóng)民在他們的田地里使用了太多的化學(xué)藥物。可知chemicals是“化學(xué)藥物”。也可結(jié)合學(xué)過的單詞Chemistry（化學(xué)），它的形容詞chemical化學(xué)的，可知chemical還可做名詞講“化學(xué)藥品，化學(xué)制品”。選C。

【5】題意：根據(jù)這篇文章，哪句話是正確的？考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。A. Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital. 雖然墨西哥城總是籠罩著厚厚的棕色云，但它仍然是一個(gè)美麗的陽光之都；B. Air pollution can make people sick. 空氣污染會(huì)使人生�。�C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields. 現(xiàn)在更少的農(nóng)民在田地里使用化學(xué)制品；D. Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution. 工廠、汽車、卡車和公共汽車是造成土壤污染的主要原因。根據(jù)第三段第一和二句In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems.（在大城市，工廠以及汽車、卡車和公共汽車是造成空氣污染的主要原因。許多城市的人現(xiàn)在有嚴(yán)重的健康問題。）可知空氣污染會(huì)使人生病。選B。

閱讀理解最能體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的英語能力的題型，分值較高。如何通過解題方法的掌握來提升自己解答閱讀理解題的技巧是學(xué)生最關(guān)心的問題。初中閱讀理解一般考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判斷能力。做閱讀理解題，首先要準(zhǔn)確理解題意，然后根據(jù)題意根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容做出正確的答案。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力，此類型題較簡單，準(zhǔn)確理解題意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜詞能力。做這種題型時(shí)，要根據(jù)上下文意思準(zhǔn)確猜出詞意。3）考查推理判斷能力，此類題型較難，準(zhǔn)確理解題意后，在文中找出相關(guān)的內(nèi)容做出合理的推斷。（4）考查主旨理解題。此類題型需通讀文中，整體把握，根據(jù)本文主要內(nèi)容選擇合適的選項(xiàng)。