1.Would you like to have a brother or a sister?Months ago this might have sounded impossible to many.But since last year with the end of China's"one child policy",this could actually happen now.All Chinese couples are allowed to have two children,which means that many Chinese children,including you,may have siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the future.
But the idea of"siblings"probably sounds unfamiliar.What would it be like growing up with a brother or a sister?Having a sibling can prevent children from bad feelings such as loneliness and fear,according to Laura,a professor of family research from Brigham university,US."Sibling gives kids something that parents can't."she said.She thinks kids may not feel lonely at home anymore because there is someone to play with them.They can also share secrets with him or her.
And the birth order of siblings could matter,too.US psychologist Kevin said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children,this causing different personalities between siblings.He explained that parents are usually more nervous and strict for their first child.So firstborns tend to (傾向于) be perfectionists because parents set high goals for them.They are usually disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.When the couple has a second child,they are less strict and have fewer rules.So late-born kids are usually more creative.They love attention.It's said that many of them also have a good sense of humor.
56.What's the author's attitude to the possibilities of siblings?A
A.He is for the idea for children to have siblings.
B.He is against the idea for children to have siblings.
C.He doesn't care whether the children have siblings or not.
D.He thinks he is a only child in his family.
57.Which of the following is not the advantage of having a brother or a sister?D
A.There is someone to play with you.
B.Partly getting away from loneliness and fear.
C.Sharing secrets with your brothers or sisters.
D.Getting anything from their parents.
58.What does the underlined word"this"refers to?B
A.China's one-child policy.
B.Have a brother or a sister.
C.Treat children strictly.
D.The idea of having siblings.
59.Why does the birth order of siblings cause their different personalities?C
A.Parents usually treat the second child better than the first one.
B.When parents have the second child,they will be too busy to look after them well.
C.Parents usually have different ways to raise the second child.
D.Parents usually like first child best.
60.Which of the following is not true?D
A.Firstborns may be perfectionists because parents set high goals for them.
B.Late-born kids are usually more creative because they are under less pressure from their parents.
C.Parents usually pay more attention to their first child.
D.Late-born kids are not disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.

分析 你想要弟弟或妹妹嗎?幾個月之前,這對很多人來說都是不可能的.
但是由于去年中國廢除了獨生子女政策,現(xiàn)在可以夢想成真了.所有的中國夫妻允許要二胎,這就意味著中國的很多孩子,也包括你在內(nèi),在未來可能擁有兄弟姐妹.
但是,"兄弟姐妹"的想法可能聽起來不熟悉.和兄弟姐妹一起長大會是一種什么感覺?據(jù)來自美國布里格姆大學的家庭研究教授勞拉介紹,同兄弟姐妹共同成長可以防止孩子產(chǎn)生孤獨感和恐懼感.她說"兄弟姐妹能夠給予孩子某種東西,而這種東西是父母不能給予的".她認為孩子們在家里不會再感到孤獨,因為有人和他們一起玩.他們也可以與兄弟姐妹分享秘密.
而且出生順序也是一個重要的事情,美國心理學家凱文說,出生順序決定了父母對待孩子的方式,這造成了兄弟姐妹具有不同的性格.他解釋說,父母通常會對第一個孩子更加緊張和嚴厲,因此第一個孩子更加傾向于完美主義,因為父母給他們設立了非常高的目標.他們通常比較自律且渴望成功.當父母擁有第二個孩子的時候,父母對他就不會再這么嚴厲,約束也很少,因此越晚出生的孩子就越具有創(chuàng)造性.他們喜歡關注,據(jù)說他們中的許多人也有很好的幽默感.

解答 56.A.文章主旨題.根據(jù)文章的開頭,想要弟弟或妹妹是不可能的,而后來出現(xiàn)轉折,獨生子女政策的廢除可能使這個想法成為可能,而且文中后面的內(nèi)容著重講述擁有兄弟姐妹的好處,因此可以看出作者是贊同孩子們具有兄弟姐妹的,即He is for the idea for children to have siblings.所以該題的答案為A.
 57.D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Having asibling can prevent children from bad feelings such as loneliness and fear.可知,擁有兄弟姐妹可以使孩子們不再具有恐懼感和孤獨感,B選項論述正確;根據(jù)She thinks kids may not feel lonely at home anymore because there issomeone to play with them.可知,擁有兄弟姐妹可以和孩子們一起玩,A選項敘述正確,根據(jù)They can also share secrets with him or her.可知,兄弟姐妹之間可以一起分享秘密,C選項敘述正確,D選項的內(nèi)容是說從父母那里得到任何東西,這在文中沒有提到,因此答案為D.
 58.B.詞義猜測題.This的前面一段,作者說擁有兄弟姐妹在幾個月前是不可能的,但是現(xiàn)在由于廢除了獨生子女政策,這個this真的可以發(fā)生,那么廢除獨生子女政策,就意味著可以擁有兄弟姐妹,因此這里的this指代的是have a brother or a sister;
 59.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)US psychologistKevin said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children,this causing different personalities betweensiblings.可知,出生順序的不同決定了父母對孩子對待方式方式不同,這也造成了他們具有不同的性格,因此出生順序造成的孩子性格不同是父母對孩子的對待方式不同,因此答案為C.
 60.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)He explainedthat parents are usually more nervous and strict for their first child.So firstborns tend to (傾向于) be perfectionists because parents set high goalsfor them.They are usuallydisciplined (自律的) and eager tosucceed.可知,父母通常會對第一個孩子更加緊張和嚴厲,且父母給他們設立了非常高的目標,第一個孩子更加傾向于完美主義,同時也暗示出父母更多的關注第一個孩子,A、C選項敘述正確;根據(jù)When the couplehas a second child,they are less strict and have fewer rules.So late-born kids are usually more creative.They love attention.It's said that many of them also have a good senseof humor.可知,當父母擁有第二個孩子的時候,父母對他就不會再這么嚴厲,約束也很少,因此越晚出生的孩子就越具有創(chuàng)造性,父母的嚴厲和約束少了,自然壓力也就小了,B選項敘述正確.對于D選項,文章中只是提到They areusually disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.這里的they指代的是第一個孩子,并不是后來出生的孩子,因此D敘述錯誤.

點評 本文主要是說中國現(xiàn)行的二孩政策,題材貼近生活實際.題目涉及到詞義猜測、推理判斷和主旨大意題等,要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上進行合理地分析才能得出正確答案,切記不能亂猜,一定做到有理有據(jù).

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