【題目】五、語法填空

閱讀下面短文,按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

Chen Guanming, a 61yearold Chinese farmer, 1(choose) to ride his bicycle all the way from China to Rio during the Rio Olympics. He

called 2(he) “Olympic madman”. This was the 3(three) Olympics he had. People in Brazil welcomed him in the 4(friendly)way after he arrived in Rio.

Seventeen years ago, he started his crazy Olympic adventure(冒險(xiǎn)): he traveled around China before the 2008 Beijing Olympics started. Then he went to London Olympics in 2012. In 2016, he went to Rio Olympics. He planned 5(finish) his travel around the world in Tokyo for the 2020 Olympics.

He didn't have money, 6 people he met on the road gave him a lot of help. So he was able to ride his bicycle to Olympics all the time.

Riding to Olympics was 7 enjoyable experience. Chen said, “I do it to follow the Olympic spirit. My biggest hope is to encourage people not to be afraid 8 problems.” Although he couldn't watch the games in the stadiums, he was very happy by 9(try) his best to join the Olympics. That's 10 the Olympics are about.

Unluckily, Chen had a car accident(車禍) on October 18, 2017. He died because of that.

【答案】

1chose

2himself

3third

4most friendly/friendliest

5to finish

6but

7an

8of

9trying

10what

【解析】

陳冠明是一個(gè)61歲的中國農(nóng)民,他騎著自己的自行車去了北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)和里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)。他說他這樣做是為了遵循奧林匹克精神,鼓勵(lì)人們不要害怕困難。

1句意:陳冠明,一個(gè)61歲的中國農(nóng)民,在里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間,選擇騎他的自行車一路從中國來到里約。choose選擇,是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)文意可知,這篇短文講述的是里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間的一件事,是過去的事情,全文使用了一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故這里應(yīng)填過去式chose。

2句意:他稱自己為“奧運(yùn)會(huì)的瘋子”。he他,人稱代詞主格形式。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示“稱呼他自己”,應(yīng)用反身代詞,故填himself。

3句意:這是他參加的第三次奧運(yùn)會(huì)。three三,是一個(gè)基數(shù)詞。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示“第三次”,應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞形式,故填third。

4句意:在他到達(dá)里約之后,巴西的人們用最友好的方式歡迎他。friendly友好的,是一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)句意和空前的the可知,這里表示“最友好的”,應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)形式,friendly的最高級(jí)有兩種形式,most friendly或者是friendliest。

5句意:他計(jì)劃在2020年東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的時(shí)候完成他的環(huán)球旅行。finish完成,是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。句中謂語動(dòng)詞是planned,計(jì)劃,常用于句型plan to do sth.計(jì)劃做某事,故這里應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式to finish。

6句意:他沒有錢,但是他在路上遇到的人們給了他很多幫助。根據(jù)兩句話的意思didn’t have money和后邊的gave him a lot of help可知,他們之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系,故這里應(yīng)填but,但是。

7句意:騎自行車去奧運(yùn)會(huì)是一個(gè)令人愉快的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意可知,這里應(yīng)填不定冠詞,修飾后面的名詞experience,“經(jīng)歷”,表示“一個(gè)的經(jīng)歷”?蘸蟮enjoyable是元音音素開頭,故填an。

8句意:我最大的希望就是鼓勵(lì)人們不要害怕困難。這里考查的是固定短語be afraid of…害怕,故這里填介詞of。

9句意:雖然他不能在體育館里觀看奧運(yùn)會(huì),但是通過盡他的最大努力加入奧運(yùn)會(huì),他非常的快樂。try盡力,嘗試,是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞?涨by表示“通過方式”,是一個(gè)介詞,后面跟名詞或者動(dòng)名詞形式,故這里應(yīng)填trying。

10句意:那就是奧運(yùn)會(huì)的意義所在。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里是一個(gè)表語從句,從句中介詞about后缺少賓語,故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo),代指奧運(yùn)會(huì)的意義。

這篇短文給我們介紹了一個(gè)普通的中國農(nóng)民騎自行車去參加奧運(yùn)會(huì),他的這種精神正是奧林匹克所倡導(dǎo)的。文章內(nèi)容比較容易理解,題型是語法填空,考查學(xué)生們?cè)诰唧w語境中使用詞匯和短語的能力。這種題型的考查方式有兩種,一種是給出提示詞,用該詞的正確形式填空;另一種是沒有提示詞,根據(jù)文意填寫適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。解題方法:給出提示詞的,應(yīng)根據(jù)它在句中的作用、句中使用的句型等,變化單詞的正確形式。常考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有:名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的基本用法以及比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法等。例如第1小題,考查動(dòng)詞choose,選擇。根據(jù)文意可知,這篇短文講述的是里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間的一件事,是過去的事情,全文使用了一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故這里應(yīng)填過去式chose。再如第4小題,考查了形容詞最高級(jí)的用法,根據(jù)句意和空前的the可知,這里表示“最友好的”, friendly的最高級(jí)有兩種形式,most friendly或者是friendliest。沒有提示詞的空?疾橛⒄Z中一些虛詞的用法,如介詞、冠詞、連詞等。如第6小題,考查連詞but,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。再如第8小題,考查的是固定短語be afraid of…害怕,故這里填介詞of。

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