The word, “photography”, was first used in 1839. It comes from the Greek words that mean “to write with light”. But photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story.

Back in 1872, people didn’t know exactly whether all four of a horse’s hooves (蹄) left the ground at the same time when it was running. A gentleman called Leland Stanford made a bet with his friend about it. Most people believed that a horse always had one hoof on the ground, or it would fall over. But Stanford didn’t think so.

At that time, it was hard to know who could win the bet, because a horse’s legs move so fast that it is impossible to tell just by looking. So they needed a way to record the movement of a running horse. Then Stanford offered $25,000 to the famous photographer, Muybridge, to help find the answer. In the beginning, Muybridge failed to get clear images, but he didn’t give up. He continued to improve his cameras. In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence (連續(xù)) of 12 photos. One of them clearly showed that all four of the horse’s hooves were off the ground at the same time. And when the photos moved fast, people could see a horse running.

Though is usually considered as the person who created the first movie in 1889, it was the work of Eadweard Muybridge and the bet that led to Edison’s invention.

1.The underlined word “static” in Paragraph 1 most probably means _______.

A. pretty B. dark C. moving D. still

2.What did Leland Stanford make a bet with his friend about?

A. Whose horse ran faster.

B. whether a horse would fall over while running.

C. whether it was possible for scientists to make moving pictures.

D.Whether a horse’s hooves all left the ground at the same time while running.

3. Muybridge finally found the exact answer to the bet _______.

A. next year. B. at the same year.

C. after six years. D. after seventeen years.

4.Which is TRUE from the passage?

A. The word, “photography” means to make pictures that can move from the Greek words .

B. Leland Stanford made a bet with Edison in 1872.

C. It is very easy for Muybridgea to record the movement of a running horse.

D. Stanford believed all four of the horse’s hooves were off the ground at the same time.

5.The passage mainly tells us _______.

A. that Thomas Edison created the first movie .

B. that Eadweard Muybridge created the first static pictures

C. how photography helped people know more about animals

D. how Eadweard Muybridge got pictures of motion (移動) successfully

閱讀表達

You know that eating a sensible diet and getting plenty of exercise help make your body healthy and strong. But do you know that there are ways to make your brain healthier and smarter? Here are some steps toward a smarter brain.

? Limit your TV viewing

(1) Never spend too much time on TV viewing, for it needs very little brain activities. Your brain will become weak just as your muscles do. If you do watch TV, choose something educational and meaningful.

Travel

Travelling to another country forces you to see and do things in a fresh way, bringing stimulation to the brain.

Learn a new language

Learning a new language involves different learning methods. Learning a language sharpens your brain and helps prevent memory problems that you may meet in later years.

Read often

As you read, take the time to look up people or places that aren’t familiar. Reading makes your vocabulary much larger if you always search for words and definitions that you don’t know. Each week, choose an animal, a bird or fish, and read everything you can about it. Stretch your brain as you become an expert on the subject.

Calculate （計算）when you shop

As you put things in your grocery cart, total everything in your head. See how close you get to the actual total.

Use your non-dominant（不占優(yōu)勢的）hand

If you are right-handed, use your left hand for everyday activities, or use your right hand if you are left-handed. Doing familiar things in a different way will make your brain create new neural （神經(jīng)）networks.

Wechat（微信）

(2) Read messages from various people. They have different interests. And some say that learning to express yourself in just 100 words is a great brain challenge.

Have a try and do these every day. Little by little you can get into the habit of challenging your brain, and make your brain smarter!

1.將（1）處翻譯成漢語

___________________________________________

2.將（2）處合并成一句

___________________________________________

3.Why do you read often according to the passage? (至少兩條)

______________________________________

4.How many steps towards a smarter brain are mentioned in the passage?

______________________________________

5.Give a title of the passage.

___________________________________

To the heavy traffic，1 have to leave so early．

A．increase B．a(chǎn)void C．spread

---______ can we warn people not to swim here?

---By putting up signs.

A. How B. Why C. Where

You can ______ information through Apps on your mobile phone. It’s convenient.

A. end up B. look up C. dress up

---I’m always a slow reader. What can I do?

---Well, be patient. _____ You can become better by reading more.

A. That’ s true. B. It takes time. C. I agree.

Nowadays, more and more junior school students choose to study abroad. It is good for them? We interviewed some students. Here are some different opinions.

Li Xin: Kids now in china are less independent. Usually they can’t live along without their parents. But studying abroad is a good way to improve their self—care ability, because they cannot depend on anyone but themselves when stay abroad.

Zhou Jing: I’ve always wanted to study in the UK. I think there is a completely different culture waiting for me to learn about. Although we may learn about it from textbooks and the Internet. I still think it is much better to look and feel by ourselves.

Wu Wei: Some students want to study abroad because they don’t like the senior high school entrance exam(中考)， But they need to study hard and keep a good habit. Although the exam brings students pressure, it helps. If not, some of them may relax too much and learn little.

Chen Yu: China has a long history, and I am a big fan of it. As a Chinese, I think we should learn about our history and culture first and then compare it with others. On the other hand, there are too many new things in foreign countries. Lots of students may pay more attention to them and forget about their study.

1.Li Xin thinks kids will learn to be ______ when they study abroad.

A. independent B. careful C. lonely

2. ______ thinks exams can push students to study hard.

A. Zhou Jing B. Wu Wei C. Chen Yu

3. Zhou Jing is interested in ______.

A. British culture

B. English textbooks

C. Chinese history

4.Chen Yu disagrees to study abroad because students may _______.

A. forget Chinese history

B. compare themselves with others

C. pay less attention

5.Which of the following is TURE?

A. Wu Wei thinks students will learn little if there is too much pressure.

B. Zhou Jing thinks learning from textbooks is better than experiencing.

C. Chen Yu has great interest in Chinese culture and history

詞匯運用

根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。每個單詞只能用一次，方框中有兩個詞多余。

What can education bring to us? For many people, to get good education means they have1._______chances to get a good job than others. They think a person should spend the best years of his life 2.________ knowledge at school. It is because education is very3.________ to get a way of living. It seems that the purpose（目的）of education is to give people jobs.

However, 4.________ people get education just for jobs, they don't need to spend so much time in school. Because they can get working ability 5.______ in a short time after some special training. Also, there is no need for them to learn language and math in detail (詳細地). It isn't necessary to have such6.________ like history and geography, either. But in fact, students 7.________ to learn different kinds of subjects at school. Why?

That's because education is well-rounded (全面的) and it's mainly for improving a man. That means it's not only to teach him to speak, read and write, but also to develop8._______ creative thinking and other abilities. After that, it is to make him a wise man and live better 9.________ enjoying the achievements of human.

No matter what you want to be in the future, education10.______ an important role in your life. It's good for you to make a good living, more importantly, be a full man。

--- I’m sorry I ____ your MP4 at home.

--- That’s all right. Don’t forget ____ it to me tomorrow.

A. forgot; bringing B. left; to bring

C. left; bringing D. forgot; to bring

Children _______ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.

A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t