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　　Linda Evans was my best friend－like the sister I never had．We did everything together：piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding．

　　When I was 13, my friend moved away．Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special tine－like my wedding and Linda's．Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often．One day a card that I sent came back, stamped“Address Unknown”．I had no idea how to find Linda．

　　Over the years, I missed Linda very much．I wanted to share stories of my children and then grandchildren．And I need to share my sadness when my brother and then my mother died．There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill．

　　One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked a lot like Linda and whose last name was Wagman－Linda's married name．“There must be thousands of Wagmans,”I thought, but I still wrote to her．

　　She called as soon as she got my letter．Mrs Tobin! she said excitedly, Linda Evans Wagman is my mother．”

　　Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other's lives．Now the empty place in my heart is filled, and there's one thing that Linda and I know for sure：we won't lose each other again!

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　　Cars are an important part of life in the United States．Most people feel that they are poor without cars．Though he is poor, he doesn't feel really poor when he has a car．

　　Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars．Maybe, he didn't know how much the car was going to affect(影響)the United States．The cars made the United States a country on wheels．And they have helped to make the United States a rich and modern country．

　　The car has become popular in the United States today．The country is a very large one．The Americans like to move around in it．It is easiest and cheapest to travel in cars．With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money．

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　　Rivers are one of our most important natural resources(自然資源)．Many of the world's great cities are located on rivers, and almost every country has at least one river flowing through it．Rivers play an important part in the lives of its people．

　　Since the beginning of history, people have used rivers for transportation．The longest one in the United States is the Mississippi．The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile．To the people of India, the Ganges(恒河)is great, but it is also important for transportation; ship can travel along it for a thousand miles．Other great rivers are the Congo(剛果河)in Africa and the Mekong(湄公河)in southeast Asia．The greatest of all for navigation(航海), however, is the Amazon(亞馬遜河)in Brazil．It is so wide and so deep that large ships can go about two thousand miles upon it．

　　Besides transportation, rivers give food to eat, water to drink, water for crops, and chances for fun and recreation for the people who live along their banks．In order to increase the supply of water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam(大壩)across a river and let a lake form behind the dam．The people can use the water not only to irrigate(灌溉)their fields but also make electricity for their homes and industries．

　　However, large cities and industries that are located upon rivers often make problems．As the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the water in the rivers becomes polluted with chemicals and other materials．People are learning the importance, however, of doing more to keep their rivers clean if they want to enjoy the benefits of this natural resource．

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　　At his early age, Bill Gates was well ahead of his classmates in maths and science．He needed to go to a school suitable for him．His parents decided to send him to Lakeside－an all-boys' school which was Seattle's best school．Lakeside allowed students to have their own interests, to whatever degree they wished．The school Was proud of making conditions that would encourage all its students to reach their full potential(潛能)．It was the right school for someone like Bill Gates．

　　In 1968, the school made a decision that would change thirteen-year-old Bill Gates' life．It encouraged the students to learn computer．Bill Gates was immediately attracted, so was his best friend at the time．Whenever they had free time, and sometimes when they didn't, they would ran over to the computer room to use the machine．The students became so single-minded that they soon caught up with their teachers in knowledge about computing．At fourteen, Bill was already writing short programs for the computer to perform．Early programs such as Tic-Tac-Toe(三連棋), or Noughts and Crosses(兒童游戲)were written in what was to become Bill's second language, BASIC．

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　　It is common knowledge that computers are super calculators．They can calculate very fast and rarely give wrong answers．They can also type, print and draw things like diagrams and graphs．They can teach you and play games with you．More importantly, you can operate railways(like the underground)and fly aeroplanes and spaceships．For these reasons, we often call them electric brains．

　　“Is a computer cleverer than I am?”someone asks．The answer to this question is, for the time being,“No”．Your brain can understand the meaning of things better and create new ideas．However, one day computers may be able to do most things that a human brain can do and do them better．They may be better than doctors, judges and teachers at doing their jobs．

　　If this is true, it raises interesting questions．What will happen to us if computers can do our jobs? How will we spend our lives? Will we have nothing to do? Computers may change our lives．But will they make them better?

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　　Can dreams come true? John Godley bet money that his dreams could come true．During his life, Mr Godley dreamed of horse races several times．He did not know much about horses or horse racing, but in his dreams he saw the names of he horses that won races．He remembered these dreams after he woke up, and he put what he knew to good use．

　　The first time Mr Godley dreamed of horses was on a Friday night．Mr Godley dreamed that he was reading the names of horses that won Saturday's races．The next morning he found the names of the horses from his dream in newspaper．The horses were racing that day．He bet on the horses and won．

　　These horse racing dreams came to Mr Godley off and on for the next twelve years of his life．During that period, Mr Godley had eight dreams about horse winning races．He always bet on his dream, and he always won．

　　Mr Godley never knew why the dreams started or why they stopped．Was he lucky or did he have a special gift? The world may never know．

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　　February 14 is a day for people who have fallen in love．On this day, these men and women give gifts and cards to each other to celebrate Valentine's Day．

　　At first, February 14 was the old Roman festival．Lupercalia．Then, on February 14,270 A．D．, a man named Valentine was killed by the Romans(羅馬人)because of his Christian beliefs．

　　Before Valentine was killed, he fell in love with the daughter of his jailer(看守監(jiān)獄的人)and Would pass notes to her．His final note read,“From your Valentine．”Later, February 14 became known as Saint Valentine's Day．

　　Since then, people in love around the world have given gifts and cards to each other on Saint Valentine's Day．Gloves, chocolates, and even underwear have all been popular as gifts．

　　Valentine card did not become popular until the 1750s．The first Valentine cards were made by hand．People wrote their own words on the cards, usually a kind of funny message．Cards made by machines became more popular around 1850．

　　Now, every year around February 14, cards and chocolates fill stores around the world, for all the people who have fallen in love．

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　　A rabbit is running into its hole．You may ask,“What happened?”

　　Well．when a rabbit sees something dangerous, it runs away．Its tail moves up and down as it runs．When other rabbits see this tail moving up and down, they run too．They know that there is danger．The rabbit has told them something without making a sound．It has given them a signal．

　　Many other animals use this kind of language．When a bee finds some food, it goes back to his home．It cannot tell the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, little dance in the air．This tells the bees where the food is．

　　Some animals say things by making sounds．A dog barks, for example, when a stranger comes near．A cat purrs(發(fā)出呼嚕呼嚕的聲音)when pleased．Some birds make several different sounds, each with its own meaning．

　　But human beings have something that no animals have－a large number of words things, actions, feelings or ideas．We are able to give each other information, to tell form other people what is in our mind or how we feel．By writing words down we can remind ourselves of the things what have happened, or send messages to people far away．No animals can do this．No animals have the wonderful power of language．

　　No one knows how man learned to make words．Somehow he learned to make them．As centuries went by, he made more and more new words．This is what we mean by language．

　　People living in different countries made different kinds of words．Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in the world．A very large English dictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words．But we do not know all these．The words we know are called vocabulary．We should try to make our vocabulary larger．Read as many books as possible．When we meet a new word, look it up in the dictionary．A dictionary is the most useful book．

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　　London police are well-known in the world．Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700 there were no policemen in London at all．A few old men used to proteet the city streets at night and they were not paid very much．

　　About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger．The city was very dirty and many people were poor．So many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible．

　　In 1750, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves．They were like policemen and were called“Bow Street Runners”because they worked near Bow Street．

　　Fifty years later, there were 120 Bow Street Runners, but London had become very big and needed more policemen．So in 1829, the first London Police Force was started with 3,000 officers．Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses．Until 1920 all the police in London were men．

　　Today, London police are quite well paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even better than for the others．

　　Perhaps the London Police Force's greatest achievement is to meet changing conditions and provide excellent police service．The two main reasons for the Force's development were the growth of population of the policemen and policewomen and technology．

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閱讀理解

　　Before you go to another country, it is helpful to know the language and some of the customs of the country．

　　When people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say“How do you do?”and shake hands．Usually they do not shake hands after they haven't met for a long time or when they will be away from each other for a long time．

　　A group of German students go to England for a holiday．Their teacher tells them that the English people hardly shake hands．So when they meet their English friends at the station, they keep their hands behind their backs．The English students learn that the Germans shake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and get ready to shake hands with the German students．It makes both of them laugh．

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