【題目】2014年2月10日,國(guó)家衛(wèi)計(jì)委宣布上海、江蘇等9個(gè)省份已通過備案,成為第一批實(shí)施單獨(dú)兩孩政策的省份。下圖是我國(guó)某省從建國(guó)初期至今的人口自然增長(zhǎng)軌跡示意圖,其中階段為預(yù)測(cè)段。完成下列各題。

【1】關(guān)于圖中人口變化的描述正確的是

A.階段人口數(shù)量大于階段人口數(shù)量

B.階段會(huì)出現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)力嚴(yán)重短缺問題

C.階段不會(huì)出現(xiàn)人口老齡化問題

D.拐點(diǎn)的出現(xiàn)主要是受政策因素影響

【2】該省實(shí)施單獨(dú)二孩政策以后,十年內(nèi)不會(huì)對(duì)以下各項(xiàng)中產(chǎn)生明顯影響的是

A.人口老齡化速度

B.勞動(dòng)力的規(guī)模

C.嬰幼兒用品消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)

D.醫(yī)療教育等公共資源

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【解析】

試題分析:

【1】 讀圖,根據(jù)圖中曲線,Ⅱ階段的人口出生率大于死亡率,人口總數(shù)持續(xù)增大,所以I階段人口數(shù)量于Ⅱ階段 ,A錯(cuò)。Ⅱ階段人口自然增長(zhǎng)率下降,但仍較高,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)力嚴(yán)重短缺,B錯(cuò)。Ⅲ階段人口老齡化問題仍較嚴(yán)重,C錯(cuò)。拐點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)是嚴(yán)格的計(jì)劃生育政策,③拐點(diǎn)的出現(xiàn)主要是計(jì)劃生育政策調(diào)整,都受政策因素影響 ,D對(duì)。

【2】該省實(shí)施單獨(dú)二胎政策以后,出生率增加,人口自然增長(zhǎng)率增加,人口老齡化速度會(huì)減明顯慢,A錯(cuò)。但十年內(nèi)新增人口不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化成勞動(dòng)力,不會(huì)影響勞動(dòng)力的規(guī)模,B對(duì)。人口自然增長(zhǎng)率增加,嬰幼兒用品消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)有明顯發(fā)展,C錯(cuò)。人口增長(zhǎng),醫(yī)療教育等公共資源增加明顯,D錯(cuò)。

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