【題目】閱讀下面的文言文,回答下列各題
瑯嬛福地記
(明)張岱
晉太康中,張茂先①為建安從事,游于洞山。緣溪深入,有老人枕書石上臥,茂先坐與論說。視其所枕書,皆蝌蚪文,莫能辨,茂先異之。老人問茂先曰:“君讀書幾何?”茂先曰:“華之未讀者,二十年內書;若二十年外書,則華固已讀盡之矣。”老人微笑,把茂先臂走石壁下,忽有門入,途徑甚寬,至一精舍,藏書萬卷。問老人曰:“何書?”曰:“世史也。”又至一室,藏書欲富。又問“何書?”老人曰:“萬國志也。”后至一密室,扃鑰甚固,有二黑犬守之,上有暑篆,曰“瑯嬛福地”。問老人曰:“何地?”曰:“此玉京、全真、七瑛、丹書、秘籍。”指二犬曰:“此癡龍也,守此二千年矣。”開門肅茂先入,見所藏書,皆秦漢以前及海外諸國事,多所未聞。如《三墳》《九丘》《連山》《歸藏》《桍杌》《春秋》諸書,亦皆在焉。茂先爽然自失。老人乃出酒果餉之,鮮潔非人世所有。茂先為停信宿而出,謂老人曰:“異日裹糧再訪,縱觀群書。”老人笑不答,送茂先出。甫出,門石忽然自閉。茂先回視之,但見雜草藤蘿,繞石而生,石上苔蘚亦合,初無縫隙。茂先癡然佇視,望石再拜而去。
嬴氏焚書史,咸陽火正熾。此中有全書,并不遺只字。上溯書契前,結繩亦有記。鷂前視伏羲,已是其叔李。海外多名郭,九州一黑痣。讀書三十乘,千萬中一二。方知余見小,春秋問蛄蟪。石彭與鳧毛,所見同兒稚。欲入問老人,路迷不得至;厥捉^壁間,荒蔓惟薜荔。懊恨一出門,可望不可企。坐臥十年許,此中或開市。
【注】①張茂先:名華,字茂先。西晉文學家。
【1】對下列句子中加點詞語的解釋,不正確的一項是
A.開門肅茂先入 肅:恭敬的樣子。
B.茂先為停信宿而出 信宿:兩三天。
C.異日裹糧再訪 裹糧:攜帶糧食。
D.讀書三十乘 乘:車。
【2】下列各組句子中,加點詞的意義和用法不相同的一組是
A. B.
C. D.
【3】下列對原文有關內容的概括與賞析,不正確的一項是
A.在張茂先的自矜面前,老人“微笑”;當張茂先提出“裹糧再訪”的請求時,老人
又笑而不答。兩“笑”之下,老人寬容、神秘的形象呼之欲出。
B.本文借一個充滿神異色彩的故事,揭示了山外有山、不可妄自尊大的道理;《桃花
源記》則借虛構桃源仙境寄托社會理想:兩文有異曲同工之妙。
C.本文敘事簡練,描寫細膩,結尾議及“嬴氏焚書史”,旨在批評秦王嬴政焚書坑儒,
導致典籍損毀的行為,體現了“記”敘議結合的特征。
D.張岱行文善于渲染,筆墨傳神:說老人,則有“枕書石上臥”;寫福地,則有癡龍
“守此二千年矣”。結尾用韻文的形式點明主旨,發(fā)人深思。
【4】把文中畫線的句子譯成現代漢語。(7分)
(1)茂先爽然自失。老人乃出酒果餉之,鮮潔非人世所有。(3分)
譯文:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)方知余見小,春秋問蛄蟪。(4分)
譯文:_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
【5】用“/”給下面的文段斷句。(3分)
進言者皆曰天下已安已治矣臣獨以為未也曰安且治者非愚則諛皆非事實知治亂之體者也夫抱石厝之積薪之下而寢其上火未及燃因謂之安方今之勢何以異此
(選自賈誼《治安策》)
【答案】
【1】A
【2】B
【3】C
【4】(1)張茂先感到茫然、失落。老人于是拿出酒菜果品給他吃,食物的鮮美潔凈不是人間能擁有的。(2)(經過此事)才知道我見識淺陋,就像夏生秋死(或“春生夏死”)的蟬不知道四季的轉換。
【5】進言者皆曰//天下已安已治矣/臣獨以為未也/曰安且治者/非愚則諛/皆非事實知治亂之體者也/夫抱火厝之積薪之下而寢其上/火未及燃/因謂之安/方今之勢//何以異此
【解析】
16.試題分析:A項的錯誤在于,這里的“肅”雖然的確有“恭敬”的意思,但不能譯為“的樣子”,而只能是表示一種態(tài)度,應譯為“恭敬地(請別人)”。文言實詞的考核一直是文言文閱讀重點考核的內容,答題時應根據語境,注意通假字、詞類活用、古今異義、一詞多義等。具體可用代入法,即將各選項解釋代入文本語境,考察期同上下文語境是否吻合。
17.B項的“若”,第一句作連詞,相當于“至于、如果是”;第二句作動詞,“好像”之意。A項的“與”都作介詞,相當于“同”。C項的“所”都作助詞,同后面的動詞組成名詞性“所”字短語。D項的“而”都作連詞,連接兩個動詞或動詞性短語。這是一道辨析文言虛詞的題目,復習備考時要注意文言虛詞的意義和用法,重點記憶考綱規(guī)定的18個文言虛詞的用法和意義,還要重點記憶課本中的經典例句。答題時首先明確課本的虛詞的含義,然后對各選項中兩個句子加點虛詞的意義和用法認真加以比較。
18.C項“旨在批評秦王嬴政焚書坑儒”錯誤,原文并沒有批評秦王的意思,文章之所以議論秦始皇焚書坑儒之事,是為了說明洞中所藏之書保存完整,沒有只字遺漏。
19.第(1)句的“爽然”有“茫然、悵惘”之意,“自失”即“自己感到失落”,“餉之”即“給他吃”,“鮮潔”即“鮮美潔凈”。第(2)句的“方”即“才”,“見小”即“見識淺陋”,“春秋問蛄蟪”的典故出自《莊子·逍遙篇》,蛄蟪就是蟬,蟬的壽命很短,不知道春秋季節(jié)的輪換。文言翻譯是文言文考的必考的內容,翻譯注意直譯,把句子中的每一個字都要落到實處,不能翻譯的助詞等刪掉,省略的內容根據上下文補充,這樣才能做到不丟分。平時訓練時注意自己確定句子的賦分點,翻譯時保證賦分點的落實,還要注意翻譯完之后一定要注意對句子進行必要的整理,使句意通順。
20.“曰”“矣”“也”“者”都是斷句的標志性詞語;動詞“寢”的處所是“其上”,其后應斷句;動詞“燃”和“安”之后都既無賓語也無補語,后面應斷句;“方今之勢”是“何以異此”的主語,主謂之間應斷句。文言斷句的題目,可以注意一些常見的標志性的虛詞,注意句子詞語結構的對稱,還要注意一個事件不要強行斷開,不然句子就會支離破碎,相反兩個事件句子再短,也要斷開。給文言斷句的前提是粗通大意,然后利用句中的人名、地名、官職名、文言虛詞、句子結構以及語段中動詞的賓語或補語等斷句。
參考譯文:
晉朝太康中年,張華擔任建安從事,在洞山游覽。順著小溪進入深山,有一個老人枕著
書躺在石板上,張華同他談輪。張華看他頭枕著的書,上面寫的都是蝌蚪文,不能辨識,張華感到很詫異。老人問張華說:“您讀了多少書?”張華說:“我沒有讀過的書都是近二十年內的新書,如果是二十年以前的書,我早就全部讀完了。”老人微笑著,拉著張華的手臂走到石壁下,忽然出現一道門可以走進石壁,路徑比較寬,到了一個精雅的屋舍,里邊裝了一萬卷書。張華問老人說:“這是些什么書?”老人說:“這是世上的歷史書。”又到了一個房間,里面收藏的書籍更加豐富。張華又問:“這里藏的什么書?”老人回答:“這是萬國的歷史書。”后又到了一個密封的房間,用堅固的鎖鎖著,有兩只狗守在門前,門上印有大印,寫著“瑯嬛福地”四個字。張華問老人道:“這是什么地方?”老人說:“這里藏有玉京、全真、七瑛、丹書、秘籍。”老人指著兩只狗說:“這就是癡龍,在這里守了兩千年了。”老人開門躬身揖請張華進屋,張華看見這里收藏的書,全都是秦漢以前以及海外諸國的事,很多都聞所未聞。比如《三墳》《九丘》《連山》《歸藏》《桍杌》《春秋》等書籍,也全都在這里。張華感到茫然失落。老人于是拿出酒菜果品給他吃,食物的鮮美潔凈不是人間能擁有的。張華因此在這里停留了兩三天才出來,對老人說:“以后我?guī)еZ食再來拜訪,觀看全部書籍。”老人笑而不答,送張華出來。剛走出來,石門忽然自己關閉了。張華回頭一看,只見雜草藤蘿,纏繞著生長在石頭上,石板上苔蘚也是一整塊,一點縫隙都沒有。張華呆呆地注視著,朝著石板拜了兩拜才離開。
秦始皇燒掉了諸子百家的書籍,咸陽城中烈火正熊熊燃燒。這里卻有保持完整的書籍,連一個字都沒
遺漏。上溯到書契之前,連結繩記事之時也有記載。(唐太宗)懷揣一只鷂子,連看伏羲都變成了叔李。海外有很多有名的城郭,它們多如牛毛就像九州里的一顆黑痣。讀書即使讀了三十車,也只能是千萬分之一二。(經過此事)才知道我見識淺陋,就像夏生秋死(或“春生夏死”)的蟬不知道四季的轉換。石彭和鳧毛,它們所見的就如同小孩一樣。想進去問問老人,可是卻迷了路不能到達;仡^看懸崖絕壁之間,只有瘋長的滕蔓和薜荔。我懊悔遺憾,剛一出門就已經是可望而不可即了。我坐著躺在這里十多年,也許這中間會開門。
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】選詞填空。
用方框中所給短語的適當形式填空。
【1】We are all invited to ____________ the ceremony.
【2】This is the first time that the doctor has __________ this treatment ________ cancer.
【3】We cut down the number of people who needed to __________________ important decisions.
【4】I ______________ my lost wallet at the corner of the street.
【5】These tourists were __________ from outside because of the snowstorm.
【6】You will be ______________opportunities to learn what you need to know.
【7】There are ________________foreign students in my school.
【8】Every student loves his school, and he ______________ his school, too.
【9】By staying connected, we can all ______________ no matter where we are in the world.
【10】Only when you have acquired ______________ grammar can you write correctly.
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項。
It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25. I was the nurse on duty that day. I didn’t think there would be any patients, sighing about having to work on Christmas. Just then five people showed up at my desk, a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick?” I asked.
“Yes,” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their problems, things got a little unclear. Two of the children had headaches, but it seemed that their headaches didn’t cause any suffering. Two children had earaches, but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong, but I didn’t say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded, “Take your time; it’s warm here.”
When I checked the form they filled out, there was no address—they were homeless. I looked out at the family gathering close together by the Christmas tree. The little one was pointing at the television and saying something to her mother. The oldest one was looking at something on the Christmas tree.
The nurses on duty felt pity for this family just trying to get warm on Christmas. We planned to prepare a meal for our Christmas guests. We needed presents. We put together oranges and apples in a basket. We collected from different candies and other things available that could be presents. Our team worked to meet the needs of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.
Later, as the family walked to the door to leave, the four-year old came running back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”
【1】What kind of person do you think the author is?
A. Hardworking and bad-tempered.
B. Serious and careful.
C. Hardworking and warmhearted.
D. Serious and stubborn.
【2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Something was wrong with one of the children’s head.
B. The pale woman forgot to write the address.
C. One of the children had a language problem.
D. The whole family pretended to be sick.
【3】We can learn from the text that ______.
A. the woman was suffering a bad cough
B. there was only one doctor treating patients on Christmas Day
C. the family appeared in the emergency room on Christmas Eve
D. the woman and four small children were satisfied and grateful
【4】Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A. Working on Christmas Day
B. Christmas Day is Coming
C. A Happy Family
D. A Pale Woman and Four Small Children
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】閱讀理解。
閱讀短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。
Many kids don’t drink enough water daily, according to a new study. The study’s lead author, Erica Kenney, at first planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks kids were drinking in schools. However, during her research she found that many kids were simply not drinking enough water.
Kenney and her team examined data from a group of 4,000 children, aged 6 to19. The data was taken from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, a study on the health of children in the United States done each year by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
While looking through the survey results, she noticed that more than half of the kids who took part in the study were dehydrated (脫水的). Of that group, boys were 76% more likely than girls not to have enough water in their system. Nearly one quarter of the kids in the survey reported drinking no plain water at all.
“These findings highlight (突出) a possible health issue that wasn’t given a lot of attention in the past,” Kenney said in a statement. “Even though for most of these kids this is not an immediate and great health risk, this is an issue that could really be reducing quality of life and well-being for many children and youth.”
The United States-National Agriculture Library says average kids need between 10 to 14 cups of water every day. This water can come from a mix of drinks and foods that contain high amounts of water, such as celery, melons or tomatoes. It is also suggested that fluids (液體) come from water instead of sugary drinks that are high in calories and can lead to weight problems.
【1】What was Erica Kenney’s purpose in doing the study?
A. To study if kids drink enough water daily.
B. To prove that sugary drinks are harmful to kids
C. To show what kind of sugary drinks kids love.
D. To find out how many sugary drinks kids drink at school.
【2】According to the findings of Erica Kenney’s study, we know that ________.
A. school kids cannot find drinkable water easily
B. boys are more likely to get dehydrated than girls
C. sugary drinks are very popular with school kids
D. most kids know the importance of drinking plain water
【3】From the last paragraph we learn that kids________.
A. should drink plain water to lose weight
B. can try to take in water from sugary drinks
C. can eat celery, melons and tomatoes for water
D. should drink no more than 10 cups of water every day
【4】The text mainly tells us that many kids __________.
A. don’t like drinking water
B. prefer sugary drinks to water
C. are at risk of health problems
D. don’t drink enough water daily
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】下面是一幅公益廣告圖片“祖輩的井、父輩的井、子孫的井”,請簡要介紹圖片的主要內容并揭示其寓意,要求語意簡明,句子通順,不超過90個字。(6分)
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。
Last month, it was my first time to have a bus tour for sightseeing(觀光) in Hong Kong. It’s really pleasant and interesting. Sitting on the second floor of the bus, I visited Hong Kong in a different way. When the bus passed along the street, all the buildings along the way seemed very close to me. I bought a one day pass priced around US $6 to enjoy unlimited (不受限制的) rides on two important routes. I started the trip from Central Star Ferry, and took the H1 Heritage Route (遺產路線) to travel around the Central and Western District. After leaving Star Ferry, the bus passed Western Market and Hollywood Road, where the famous antique (古董) shops are located, then Man Mo Temple. Not only could I see on the bus, I also got off at many stops. I got off in Man Mo Temple and walked along Lascar Row. Then, I got on the sightseeing bus to Dr Sun Yatsen Museum, which was built in 1914 to honor the father of the Republic of China. And the famous Hong Kong University left a good impression on me. After traveling back through the dried seafood shops without stopping, I went to the last stop at Star Ferry.
After the heritage journey, I took the H2 Metropolis Route for my shopping tour. I left from Star Ferry and traveled through Wanchai to Causeway Bay and Times Square for shopping. Having bought a lot of things, I went back.
Though tired, I did have lots of fun on my one day bus tour!
【1】How did the writer have the tour around Hong Kong?
A. On foot.B. By bus.C. By subway.D. By bike.
【2】Where are the antique shops?
A. At Central Star Ferry.B. On Hollywood Road.
C. In Western Market. D. In Lascar Row.
【3】Which of the following did the writer NOT do while taking the H1 Heritage Route?
A. Visit Man Mo Temple. B. Walk along Lascar Row.
C. Buy some dried seafood. D. Visit Hong Kong University.
【4】Why did the writer take the H2 Metropolis Route?
A. To buy some things.
B. To travel through Wanchai.
C. To visit St. John’s Cathedral.
D. To visit the Dr Sun Yatsen Museum.
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】認真觀察下面一幅漫畫,并按要求回答問題。(6分)
【注】圖片中手機上滴下的水滴中的文字依次是“不”“良”“信”“息”。
(1)簡要介紹漫畫的內容。(3分)
(2)這幅漫畫反映了當前什么樣的社會現象?(3分)
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】A
These inventions are making the world a better, smarter, and in some cases, a little more fun.
Easy-On Shoes
This year, Nike came out with their solution: the Flyease. The basketball shoe can be tied with only one hand. The idea for it came from "opening and closing a door," says Tobie Hatfield, the shoe’s inventor. A pair of Nike Flyease shoes sells for $130.
Bionic Ears (仿生耳)
If you’re tired of loud noise, you have two choices: cover your ears or leave. But what if you could turn off or lower the sound, just as you would on a TV? That’s the promise of the Here Active Listening system. The Bionic Ears are connected with a smartphone app. Users can pick which sounds they don’t want. They are priced at $249.
A Virtual Pencil and Paper
In the 450 years or so since its invention, the pencil has become so common; it’s easy to forget how great a technology it is. It writes darker when you press harder. Its marks can be erased. It’s difficult to copy the way it works. That’s what makes Apple’s latest effort so different. The Apple Pencil allows users to draw, paint, or write on a screen, just as they would on a sheet of paper. The Apple Pencil goes for $99.
The Artiphon
Having a hard time choosing an instrument (樂器)? You might want to try the Artiphon. It can imitate (模仿) dozens of instruments—not just how they sound but also how they’re played. It can be like a guitar. It can be like a piano. The Artiphon is priced at $399.
【1】Matthew, a student with a disability of one arm, most probably chooses .
A. Easy-On Shoes B. Bionic Ears
C. A Virtual Pencil and Paper D. Be Creative
【2】How much will you most probably pay if you are a music fan who is tired of loud noise?
A. $ 229. B. $ 339. C. $ 498. D. $ 648.
【3】What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To introduce some problem-solving apps.
B. To call on more students to love inventing.
C. To share ways of making inventions.
D. To introduce some coolest inventions.
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中地理 來源: 題型:
【題目】短文改錯(每小題1分,滿分10分)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(/)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:
1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
As students, all of us will be faced with a problem after passed the college entrance examination. Should we choose a good major and a good university first? Here are some different ideas. Some more prefer to choose a major first so that they can learn they are interested in. On this way they can put their hearts into study and got their favorite jobs in the future. Other believe that the environment is important to one’s develop and that graduates from key universities are more likely to find good jobs. As far as I’m concerning, maybe the choice should be a good university if we can’t obtain all.
查看答案和解析>>
湖北省互聯網違法和不良信息舉報平臺 | 網上有害信息舉報專區(qū) | 電信詐騙舉報專區(qū) | 涉歷史虛無主義有害信息舉報專區(qū) | 涉企侵權舉報專區(qū)
違法和不良信息舉報電話:027-86699610 舉報郵箱:58377363@163.com