Question

30、Ⅰ（7分）為探究環(huán)境因素對植物光合作用強度的影響，設(shè)計進行如下實驗：
實驗材料和用具：圖示實驗裝置(廣口瓶容積為500mL)、100 mL量筒、200W的臺燈、冷開水、不同濃度的NaHCO3溶液（冷開水配制）、黑藻等。實驗重復(fù)三次，實驗結(jié)果見下表。                                                                                                                                           
分析并回答下列有關(guān)問題：

（1）該實驗中的自變量是           ，列出實驗中的至少兩個控制變量（無關(guān)變量）：
                                       
（2）試補充完成該實驗探究的具體實驗步驟。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
①準(zhǔn)備4套如圖裝置，編號為1----4，分別在各瓶中注入冷開水、0.1%NaHC0₃溶液、1.0%NaHC0₃溶液、5.0%NaHC0₃溶液各約500mL；
②取                                   ，分別放入各實驗裝置，并組裝好實驗裝置；
③將4套裝置            ，然后分別用                   ；
④30min后，                                      。
⑶由于黑藻自身呼吸作用會消耗氧氣，故量筒中收集到的水的體積
不能表示為黑藻30min內(nèi)的光合總量，請根據(jù)上表繪制出相關(guān)的
柱形圖。


Ⅱ（5分）植物的光合作用受內(nèi)、外多種因素的影響，如圖是在20℃、0.03%CO₂濃度條件下，測得A、B兩種植物在不同光照條件下光合速率變化曲線。請據(jù)圖回答問題：
（1）圖示表明，      植物更適宜在弱光照條件下生長，這是由植物本身的             決定的。生產(chǎn)上如果將A、B共同種植，形成群落的        結(jié)構(gòu)，將可達(dá)到充分利用光能的目的。
（2）在晝夜周期條件下（12h光照、12h黑暗)，A植物需在光照強度___  __千勒克斯才能生長。
（3）當(dāng)光照強度為8千勒克斯時，A植物每小時光合作用所制造的有機物量與B植物制造的有機物量的比例是        。

Answer 1

解析