Question

19．Men and women are still treated unequally in the workplace．Women continue to earn less，on average，for the same performance，and they remain underrepresented in top jobs．Research has shown that both conscious and subconscious biases （偏見） contribute to this problem．But we've discovered another，subtler source of inequality：Women often don't get what they want and deserve because they don't ask for it．In three separate studies，we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want．This can be costly for companies-and it requires management intervention．
The first study found that the starting salaries of male MBAs who had recently graduated from Carnegie Mellon were 7.6%，or almost 4，000dollars，higher on average than those of female MBAs from the same program．That's because most of the women had simply accepted the employer's initial salary offer； in fact，only 7% had attempted to negotiate．But 57% of their male counterparts-or eight times as many men as women-had asked for more．
Another study tested this gender difference in the lab．Subjects were told that they would be observed playing a word game and that they would be paid between 3dollars and 10dollars for playing．After each subject completed the task，an experimenter thanked the participant and said，"Here's 3dollars．Is 3dollars OK？"For the men，it was not OK，and they said so．Their requests for more money exceeded the women's by nine to one．
The largest of the three studies surveyed several hundred people over the Internet，asking respondents about the most recent negotiations they'd attempted or initiated and when they expected to negotiate next．The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do and regard more of their interactions as potential negotiations．
There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon．First，women often are socialized from an early age not to promote their own interests and to focus instead on the needs of others．The messages girls receive-from parents，teachers，other children，the media，and society in general-can be so powerful that when they grow up they may not realize that they've internalized this behavior，or they may realize it but not understand how it affects their willingness to negotiate．Women tend to assume that they will be recognized and rewarded for working hard and doing a good job．Unlike men，they haven't been taught that they can ask for more．

72．According to this passage，what causes the inequality in the workplace？D
A．social bias                               
B．women's poorer working ability
C．women's worse academic background        
D．women's less negotiating
73．Which can be the result of the following survey，according to Para 4？When do you expect to negotiate next？A

74．Which of the following statements is not true？D 
A．Women accept the employer's initial salary offer willingly．
B．Men tend to ask for more money than woman．
C．Women care more about other's interest instead of themselves'．
D．Men believe that the better they work，the better they're paid．
75．What will be discussed in the following paragraph？C
A．The suggestions given to women．
B．The warnings to men．
C．Another reason for women's not asking．
D．Another reason for men's asking．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要講述不管是有意的還是無(wú)意的，在工作場(chǎng)所仍然存在著男女不平等的現(xiàn)象，同等情況下，女士的報(bào)酬要低一些．但是通過(guò)調(diào)查，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)婦女沒(méi)有得到她們應(yīng)該得到的待遇，究其原因和她們自身不去要求，不去洽談?dòng)嘘P(guān)．

解答 72------75  DADC
72  D   細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第一段we've discovered another source of inequality：…because they don't ask for it．以及we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want．可知婦女受到不平等待遇的原因之一是因?yàn)樗齻儾蝗ヌ岢鲆�求，不去協(xié)商，故答案選D．
73     A   細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第四段末句The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do．可知男士比女士更經(jīng)常去洽談自己的待遇等問(wèn)題，而圖表A反映出的信息是絕大多數(shù)女士希望在四周內(nèi)去進(jìn)行協(xié)商，而男士卻希望在一周內(nèi)去進(jìn)行洽談，恰好能夠反映此方面內(nèi)容，故答案選A．
74    D   細(xì)節(jié)理解題．從文章末段末句Unlike men，they haven't been taught that they can ask for more．可知女士們都認(rèn)為努力工作自然就會(huì)得到認(rèn)可，就會(huì)有好的回報(bào)，不像男孩子一樣，她們沒(méi)有被教給要自己去要求，自己去爭(zhēng)取，由此可知男士們并不認(rèn)為自己工作做的好報(bào)酬自然就會(huì)高，故D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容錯(cuò)誤．
75     C   推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一段There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon．First…．可知作者提出有幾種原因來(lái)解釋這種現(xiàn)象，但是末段只提到了第一種，由此推斷在下面段落中作者還將介紹其他的原因，故答案選C．

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