When did you see a polar bear ? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps ? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These  “Polar Bears” are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water. That day, the air temperature was 3 degrees. And the water temperature was a little higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group; this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
Doctors don’t agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body’s temperature drops so slow that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and the water tempreature is much greater in summer than in winter.
The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system (循環(huán)系統(tǒng)) because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and could not try cold-water swimming.
The main benefits of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim all the year round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says, “When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away.”
小題1:Doctors _________ .
A．have different ideas about the medical effects of cold-water swimming
B．believe swimming is helpful both in summer and in winter
C．enourage people to take part in cold-water swimming
D．point out the possible danger of blood illness during cold-water swimming
小題2:According to the passage, some doctors believe it is true that _______ .
A．Polar bears are bears swimming in freezing water
B．cold-water swimming can make the body temperature dangerously high
C．you are healthy if cold-water swimming turns your skin color blue
D．cold-water swimming causes more heart attack in summer than in winter
小題3:The Polar Bears like to swim year-round, for _______ .
A．it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter
B．they can stay young
C．they find it enjoyable and interesting
D．they might meet fewer troubles in life
小題4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text ?
A．The Polar Bear is a club in which people swim to protect polar bears.
B．The club members are all over 60 years old.
C．There is no woman in the club.
D．None of the above.
小題5:This passage is mainly about _______ .
A．the requirements of the Polar Bear Club
B．a(chǎn) group of cold-water-swimming lovers
C．the Polar Bears’ life in New York
D．doctors’ ideas about cold-water swimming

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:D
小題5:B

試題分析：這篇文章是關(guān)于北極熊俱樂部的一些冷水游泳愛好者。介紹醫(yī)生對冬泳的不同觀點(diǎn)和俱樂部成員熱衷這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的原因。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題：第二自然段的首句Doctors don’t agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming.即告訴了本題的答案，即D項(xiàng)。因?yàn)樵诒径斡懻摰闹行膬?nèi)容就是醫(yī)生們的不同觀點(diǎn)。選A
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：該題在第二自然段的最后一句Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and the water tempreature is much greater in summer than in winter.
可找出信息。在夏天冷水游泳比冬天更容易得心臟病，選D
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)題：最后一自然段的“The Polar Bears love to swim year-round; they find it fun and relaxing.”已經(jīng)給出答案。選C
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第一段的句子：Polar Bears” are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water.可知A是錯(cuò)的， “The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60.”可看出B是錯(cuò)的，this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. 可知C都是錯(cuò)的。選D
小題5:主旨題。看上去似乎四個(gè)選項(xiàng)文中全部談到，可仔細(xì)閱讀每段的首句，就會(huì)找到依據(jù)。這篇文章是關(guān)于一些冷水游泳愛好者。選B
點(diǎn)評：本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對比，找出答案。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

While there has been public debate about whether running is good for your health for a long time, experts agree that running has more benefits than the costs. Some people are concerned that the pressure on your knees and ankles can be detrimental. While this can be true, there are many things that you can do to reduce your risk of injury.
You should always go to a doctor for advice before you begin any type of exercise program. Then, a good pair of running shoes can be helpful as your feet hit the ground. They will help protect your ankles by providing stability to your feet. So it is good idea to visit a specialty(專業(yè)) running shoe store. The staff there can suggest shoes which are ideal for your running style.
In order to learn the proper form, you may get some advice from a friend who has been running for some time, or even join a running club. They can provide good tips as well as some support and encouragement for you.
Lastly, it is important to start out slowly. When it comes to getting in shape and losing weight , short bursts of speed followed by periods of slower movement would be proper. Aim for around 30 minutes of exercise a few days a week. As you get better, you can increase your speed. Always allow your body to rest in between heavy exercise as your muscles need time to bring energy back.
Follow these instructions and your running experience will be a great one!
小題1:In the expert’s opinion,______________________.
A．running is good for your health as well as your mind.
B．you should buy running shoes in an expensive store.
C．running has more advantages than disadvantages for you.
D．you should go to the doctor if you have a running injury
小題2:The underlines word “ detrimental” in Paragraph 1 probably means___
A．harmfulB．usefulC．expensiveD．rare
小題3:If you take up running, you should___________________
A．worry about the pressure on your knees and ankles
B．a(chǎn)sk the shopkeeper for a pair of running shoes
C．take advice from friends whom you will start running with
D．join a running club so that you can get encouragement
小題4:What can we infer from the passage?
A．More and more people have become interested in running.
B．Good running methods can reduce the risk of injury.
C．It’s better to run as far as possible to lose weight.
D．The instructions in the passage are given by a famous doctor.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Different exercise types have different purposes and different benefits. One type of exercise may not accomplish all goals of being physically fit: a healthy heart, strong muscles and bones, and safety from injury. As a result, it is important to do enough types of exercise to have all the physical benefits. Here is a quick check sheet.
Aerobic Exercise: To have a strong and healthy heart, you need to do aerobic exercise. This means that you need to exercise yourself enough so that your heart rate, while exercising, is 65 percent to 85 percent of your maximum heart rate. If you don’t get your heart rate up within this level—you just aren’t working hard enough. Whatever you do, your heart rate needs to be 65 percent to 85 percent of your MHR for 20 to 30 minutes, at least 3 times a week. Typical types include:
* Running
* Walking (at least 4 to 4.5 mph)
* Swimming
* Biking
* Elliptical Training (橢圓運(yùn)動(dòng))
* Yoga
Strength Training: To keep your muscles and bones strong, you need to do strength training. This comes in a variety of forms. Whatever you do, however, you need to train your muscles enough so that they are really tired by the end of each session. To see real benefits, make sure you are strength training 2 to 3 times a week for about 30 to 40 minutes. Typical types of strength training include:
* Weight Training
* Yoga
* Resistance Training
* Plyometrics（肌肉增強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練）
Flexibility Training: To keep your body flexible, reducing risk of injuries and pain in your joints and muscles, you need to do flexibility training. You should always aim to stretch every muscle after any exercise routine. Typical types of flexibility training include:
* Stretching
* Yoga
* Pilates（普拉提課程）
So next time you think that yoga 5 times a week will be enough, think about what it is really doing. Is it getting your heart rate up? Are you making up your strength? Are you keeping your muscles flexible?
小題1:If your purpose is to _______, you can choose swimming as your exercise form.
A．build a strong and healthy heart
B．keep muscles and bones strong
C．keep body flexible
D．reduce risk of injuries and pain in joints and muscles
小題2:After reading this passage, we know that ________.
A．Yoga is really better for people than running
B．The more exercise you do, the better
C．Flexibility training helps you build up your muscles
D．The three kinds of training have links with one another
小題3:Which of the following is closest in meaning to “session” in Paragraph 3?
A．meetingB．gatheringC．periodD．term
小題4:The paragraph following this article may discuss_______.
A．how to find a good workout dealing with two or three of these goals
B．how to choose an exercise type
C．how to build up our strength
D．how to be more flexible

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?
　　While such vigilant(警覺的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
　　In many cases, screening can lead to additional biopsies and surgeries to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups. 
　　It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(預(yù)期壽命).
　　A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
　　It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that make sense for the whole patient. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care.”
　　That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
小題1:Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A．It is believed to contribute to long life.
B．It is part of their health care package.
C．The elderly are more sensitive about their health.
D．The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.
小題2:How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?
A．It adds too much to their medical bills.
B．It helps increase their life expectancy.
C．They are doubtful about necessity.
D．They think it does more than good.
小題3:What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?
A．It applies to women over 50.
B．It is a must for adult women.
C．It is optional for young women.
D．It doesn’t apply to women over 74.
小題4:Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
A．They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B．They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C．They want data for medical research.
D．They want their patients to suffer less.
小題5:What does the author say is the general view about health care?
A．The more, the better.
B．Prevention is better than cure.
C．Better early than late.
D．Better care, longer life.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A. Health
Health magazine features lots of articles on how to stay fit and feel fantastic. You’ll find healthy yet tasteful recipes (菜譜) that will keep you on track with your diet. The living section will give you ideas for things to do on the weekend or how to add some excitement to your lifestyle.
B. US Weekly
It features the latest news on the hottest celebrities(名人). Filled with photographs and stories, it’s a great magazine for their diets, weddings, divorces and all the events of the week. It keeps you up-to-date with everything that’s happening in Hollywood——the good, the bad and the embarrassing.
C. Rolling Stone
It’s a bi-weekly magazine for music and pop culture trends. In addition, readers can find culture and social comments on present news and events in each issue. Yearly special issues include the music festival preview, the best of rock, fall fashion, and 10 bands to watch.
D. Details
It is an award-winning monthly fashion magazine. It’s for men who are enthusiastic about adventure, style, music, fashion, sports, politics, humor and pop culture. Reviews of the latest books and movies are also included. Every issue has an interview with a celebrity in the news, with insightful questions and interesting answers.
E. Reader’s Digest
It is the world’s most widely-read monthly magazine. Each issue is packed with easy-to-read articles that help people lead better and healthier lives. It contains useful advice, entertainment and inspiration, the latest medical discoveries, how to manage your time and money, plus much more.
F. Life & Style Weekly
This magazine is the first weekly style magazine. It covers the latest happenings in Hollywood. You can find fashion, beauty, lifestyle trends and shopping guides in each issue of the magazine.
請閱讀以下讀者的相關(guān)信息，然后把這些讀者與其感興趣的雜志匹配起來。
小題1:Abraham is a handsome student at Beijing Sport University. Besides sports news, he is concerned about social and political problems in his spare time.
小題2:Rebecca is a beautiful housewife, but she doesn’t care much about her clothing. Her husband suggests that she learn some shopping skills and the best style tips.
小題3:Patrick is a fan of stars who is crazy about them. He wants to know all the information about his favorite stars in real life situations like shopping for groceries, walking the dog and so on.
小題4:Melissa and her boyfriend have just left university for work. They don’t have much money to eat outside every day. They must learn to cook for themselves.
小題5:Douglas was a teacher at Peking University Heath Science Center. He retired last month and now lives happily with his wife in the countryside. He pays close attention to advances in medical science.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

EP Portable Heater
We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP Portable Heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.
The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.
The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, you’ll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.
The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.
The EP comes with a 3-year warranty(保修) and a 60-day. no questions asked. Satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it to our expertise and your money will be given back to you.
Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.
Take action right now!
小題1:What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?
A．the heat of the EPB．the safety of the EP
C．the appearance of the EPD．the material of the EP
小題2: From the passage, we can learn that the EP  .
A．doesn’t burn up oxygenB．runs without any noise
C．makes people get sleepyD．is unsuitable for children and pets
小題3:The underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means     .
A．continuouslyB．separately
C．quicklyD．equally
小題4:The main purpose of the passage is to    .
A．persuade people to buy the product
B．a(chǎn)dvise people to save on heating bills
C．report the new development of portable heaters
D．compare the difference of different heart brands

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

All over the world, and for many different reasons, there are millions of people who rarely or never eat meat. These people are called vegetarians. To people who eat meat, being a vegetarian may seem like a very strange thing, diets for several different reasons.
First, vegetarians have an enormous health advantage. One of the major health problems in modern societies is not too much protein but too much fat, especially in the form of animal fats. Medical evidence suggests that animal fats, including butter, contribute to the development of cholesterol in the human body. High amount of cholesterol seem to be part of the cause of heart disease. Most vegetarians have low level of cholesterol. High amounts of animal fats also seem to lead to certain kinds of cancer, and vegetarians are typically less vulnerable to these cancers than people who eat a lot of meat. Overall, studies comparing the health of vegetarians and meat-eaters show that the meat-eaters are twice as likely to die of heart disease as vegetarians are.
Better health is one reason that people choose to become vegetarians. Another reason is religion. Some religions forbid the eating of meat. The largest of these is the Hindu religion, which has about 600 million believers in the world. Although not all Hindus are vegetarian, many are, and there are many believers of other religions such Buddhism and even some Christian religions that also do not eat meat.
Many vegetarians do not eat meat simply because they do not like the taste of it. They have no religious or philosophical reasons; they just do not like meat. Another important reason that vegetarians give for not eating meat is the health advantages that were given above. Lastly, there are many people who do not eat meat because they just do not like the idea of killing animals for food. They believe that life, all life, is valuable , and that we do not have to destroy life to feed ourselves when there are other good sources of food.
小題1:According to the passage, people choose to be vegetarians for the following reasons EXCEPT________.
A．they want to stay healthy
B．they are too kind to put the idea of killing animals
C．they live in areas where meat supply is not adequate
D．they should not eat meat due to their religious belief
小題2:Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2 ?
A．Vegetarians enjoy a more healthy life than the meat eaters.
B．Heart disease and cancer are caused by large amounts of protein.
C．There are twice as many meat-eaters as vegetarians who die of cancer.
D．There are less health problems in modern society due to advanced medical care.
小題3:What does “vulnerable” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Having low level of cholesterol.
B．Having high level of cholesterol.
C．Having weak ability to resist diseases and harms.
D．Having strong ability to resist disease and harms.
小題4:It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A．being a vegetarian may be a very strange thing
B．vegetarians eat meat on some special occasions
C．a(chǎn)ll vegetarians have reasons for their not eating meat
D．most vegetarians believe that life without meat is happy.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Happiness is contagious (有感染力的), as researchers reported on Thursday.
People with the most social connections — spouses, friends, neighbors and relatives — were also the happiest, the data showed. “Each additional happy person makes you happier,” Christakis said.
“Imagine that I am connected to you and you are connected to others and others are connected to still others. It is this fabric of humanity, like an American patch quilt.”
Each person sits on a different colored patch. “Imagine that these patches are happy and unhappy patches. Your happiness depends on what is going on in the patch around you,” Christakis said.
“It is not just happy people connecting with happy people, which they do. Above and beyond, there is this contagious process going on.”
And happiness is more contagious than unhappiness, they discovered.
“If a social contact is happy, it increases the likelihood that you are happy by 15 percent, ” Fowler said. “A friend of a friend, or the friend of a spouse or a sibling (兄弟姐妹), if they are happy, increases your chances by 10 percent,” he added.
A happy third degree friend — the friend of a friend of a friend — increases a person’s chances of being happy by 6 percent.
“But every extra unhappy friend increases the likelihood that you’ll be unhappy by 7 percent,” Fowler said.
The finding is interesting and it is useful, too, Fowler said.
“Among other benefits, happiness has been shown to have an important effect on reduced mortality (死亡率), pain reduction, and improved cardiac (心臟的) function. So better understanding of how happiness spreads can help us learn how to develop a healthier society,” he said.
The study also fits in with other data suggested in 1984 that having $ 5,000 extra increased a person’s chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent.
“A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000,” Christakis said.
小題1:It can be inferred that________.
A．happiness spreads as fast and widely as unhappiness
B．unhappiness spreads faster and more widely than happiness
C．happiness spreads faster and more widely than unhappiness
D．the spread of unhappiness has not been studied by researchers
小題2:Which of the following will increase your chances of becoming happier most?
A．Being in a party with a happy atmosphere.
B．A happy experience of your brother or your parents.
C．A happy trip to a foreign country of your friends.
D．Happiness of your friend’s friend.
小題3:What does Christakis mean by saying “A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000”?
A．A happy friend can help you bring in a wealth of $ 20,000.
B．A happy friend is a wealth which is worth about $ 20,000.
C．A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 2%.
D．A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 8 %.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives（添加劑）caused cancer.
Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings（包裝）of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar tings are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.
The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.
小題1:Which of the following is not true?
A．Some wrappings of food are harmful.
B．Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals.
C．“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”.
D．We needn’t take care of what we eat.
小題2:According to this passage, we can know      .
A．perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat
B．perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat
C．cancer was discovered in 1945
D．science has made food unfit to eat
小題3:Things that are used to keep colours in meats are      .
A．harmfulB．uselessC．helplessD．dangerous
小題4:All the additives      .
A．a(chǎn)re bright and colourless
B．a(chǎn)re not bright and colourful
C．have indirect effects on our health
D．have direct effects on our health

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