Question

閱讀理解 　　What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember the first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom recall events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four rarely retain(保持)any memory of specific, personal experiences． 　　A variety of explanations have been proposed by psychologists(心理學家)for this “childhood amnesia”(記憶缺失, 健忘)．One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature(成熟)until about the age of two．But the most popular theory maintains(主張)that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access(接近)childhood memories．Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories．But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fit the pattern．It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary． 　　Now psychologist Annette Simms offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia．She argues that there simply aren’t any early childhood memories to recall．According to Dr．Simms, children need to learn to use someone else’s spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten impressions of these experiences into long-term memories．In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them- Mother talking about the afternoon spent looking for crabs(蟹)at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park．Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr．Simms, children cannot form permanent(永久的，持久的)memories of their personal experiences． (1) According to the passage, it is widely believed that ________． [　　] A． it is impossible for an adult to recall his(or her)childhood experiences B． adults and children have different brain structures C． adults think in words while children think in images D． adults virtually have no access to their childhood memories (2) The word “hippocampus” probably means ________． [　　] A． a research center engaged in the study of human brains B． a psychological research department of a university C． a miniature(tiny)campus formulated in one?s childhood memory D． a part of the brain in charge of the formation of memories (3) “Trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary” is stated in the passage to show that ________． [　　] A． adults and children have different memory patterns B． it is unlikely to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary C． Chinese and English are totally different languages D． memories are in some way connected with languages (4) According to Annette Simms, ________． [　　] A． verbal reinforcement is necessary for children to have permanent memories B． there does not exist such things as childhood memories C． children’s brains are mature enough to form permanent memories D． children are generally inexperienced and unable to remember things they don’t understand

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．D;3．A;4．A;
解析：

(1)	細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的一句話“But the most popular theory maintains(主張)that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access childhood memories．”我們知道成年人和兒童的思維方式不一樣，因此成年人不能進入兒童的記憶。
(2)	詞義判斷題。根據(jù)“hippocampus”后面的同位語，“the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories”我們可知道它是指大腦中負責記憶的一個區(qū)域，叫做“海馬狀突起”。
(3)	判斷題。作者之所以用這個例子，就是想以此來說明成人的記憶方式和小孩的不一樣。成人用詞匯來思維，而小孩主要是通過模仿的方式來談論他們的經(jīng)歷或聽別人談論他們�！癱hildren cannot form permanent memories of their personal experiences．”我們可知道沒有詞匯方面的強化，兒童對自己的個人經(jīng)歷不會長久地記住。
(4)	細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr．Simms．”可知答案。