Wikipedia: The Online Know-It-All
If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name “Wikipedia” is from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning “quick”. This online encyclopedia (百科全書) is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies (技術(shù)專家) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject.
Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years.
What’s more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in different languages. As of today, there are 4,396,866 articles in English.
So, if you are looking for some information, why not try Wikipedia? It’s free, multilingual，and informative.  
【小題1】According to the passage, what is Wikipedia?

A．A free website encyclopedia. B．A computer game.
C．A free encyclopedia in book form. D．An online university.
【小題2】From the passage we know that ______.
A．Wikipedia only charges users a small fee
B．Wikipedia catches a wide audience
C．incorrect editions might do great harm to Wikipedia
D．it will take long to update the information on Wikipedia
【小題3】Where can we probably read the passage?
A．In a story book. B．In a research report.
C．In a science magazine. D．In a travel brochure.


【小題1】A
【小題2】B
【小題3】C 

解析試題分析：文章大意：這篇短文主要介紹了維基百科的主要內(nèi)容及相關(guān)的各種問題。
【小題1】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章的第一段聯(lián)系下文This online encyclopedia(百科全書) is written by thousands of people around the world及文章最后一句It’s free, multilingual，and informative.描述可以得出答案。故A正確。
【小題2】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in different languages.可以得出答案。故B正確。
【小題3】C推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了維基百科的主要內(nèi)容及相關(guān)的各種問題。故這類文章可能出自于科學(xué)雜志。故C正確。
考點(diǎn)：考查科普類短文閱讀

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

(London)­If it really is what's on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.
Some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.
“Being thin doesn't surely mean you are not fat，” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.
According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.
Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.
According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.
Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes. They want to prove that internal fat damages the body's communication systems.
The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no short cut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle，” Bell said.
【小題1】What is this piece of news mainly about?

A．Thin people also have troubles.
B．Internal fat is of no importance.
C．Internal fat leads to many diseases.
D．Thin people may be fat inside.
【小題2】Doctors have found ________.
A．being slim doesn't mean you are not fat inside
B．internal fat is the cause of heart disease and diabetes
C．being slim is not dangerous at all
D．the exact dangers of internal fat
【小題3】According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A．People with heart disease all have internal fat.
B．People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.
C．Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.
D．Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Back in the early 1900s, American physician Byron Robinson wrote a book proposing an interesting theory: humans actually have two brains --- one in our heads and the other in our stomachs, and the two “communicate” all the time. Interestingly, in Chinese culture, thoughts are also related to the belly in phrases and idioms like fugao (腹稿, a draft), manfu jinglun (滿腹經(jīng)綸, a bellyful of ideas), and yiduzi weiqu (一肚子委屈, a bellyful of complaints).
This may sound a little ridiculous at first. But try to think of a time when you were extremely nervous. Chances are that you also felt uncomfortable in your stomach, didn’t you? This is probably why people use the idiom “butterflies in one’s stomach” to refer to being nervous.
Now scientists from Canada and the US have found that our guts (腸道), if not as bright as our actual brains, are much more than just where we digest the food we eat. They also affect our emotions and even behavior, all thanks to the bacteria in them, reported Scientific American.
In the study, scientists fed timid mice stomach bacteria from mice that were more active and daring. After eating the bacteria, the timid mice grew more energetic and fearless. Sure enough, when bold mice got the bacteria from timid ones, they became more anxious. The mice’s behavior also changed when scientists disturbed the bacteria in their guts by changing their diets and feeding them antibiotics (抗生素).
“If something goes wrong in the gut, that change is reflected in the brain,” Emeran Mayer, a professor at University of California, Los Angeles, told The Huffington Post.
The brain-and-gut connection also works in the opposite way. Scientists studied children with autism (自閉癥) --- a mental illness that makes people unable to socialize with others --- and found that they also have a lot of stomach problems. They have fewer types of stomach bacteria and lower totals of a few key bacteria than healthy children.
This research raises the possibility that scientists could treat patients with brain problems simply by feeding them the right food, which would be much more efficient than providing psychological therapy (療法).
According to CBC News, you can get “good” bacteria that lift your spirits from food like yogurt while “bad” bacteria are usually in high fat and high sugar foods.
【小題1】What is the author’s attitude toward Byron Robinson’s theory of two human brains?

A．Unsatisfied. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Negative.
【小題2】The author mentioned the idiom “butterflies in one’s stomach” in the second paragraph to _____.
A．describe the symptoms of nervousness
B．suggest a connection between our stomach and our emotions
C．hint at the danger of nervous feelings
D．encourage people to calm down and relax
【小題3】What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “bold” in Paragraph 4?
A．a(chǎn)nxious B．fearless C．energetic D．sharp
【小題4】According to the article, ______.
A．people with mental illnesses are more likely to have stomach problems
B．the use of antibiotics can turn timid mice into daring ones
C．timid mice have fewer types of stomach bacteria than daring mice
D．people must consider changing their diets when they feel anxious
【小題5】We can infer from the article that______.
A．psychological therapy has never worked before for autistic children
B．yogurt is the best solution for anxiety problems
C．high fat and high sugar foods are responsible for many mental diseases
D．diet changes can lead to mood changes

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Hello! My name is Lisa, and I am a lioness. I live on the open grasslands of Africa with my family. Lions living in a group are called a pride.
My father is strong and powerful. He and his cousin are the leaders of our pride. The other members are my mother, her sisters, and their children.
The area where a pride lives is big! We roar (咆哮) to tell each other where we are and to warn strangers to stay away.
Come to meet my new baby brother. His name is Leon. See the spots on his fur? We lions are born spotted or striped (有條紋的). As we grow older, the spots gradually disappear.
Lionesses usually spend their entire lives with their birth pride, but Leon will leave when he is about three years old. He’ll run around with a male (雄性的) friend or relative for a few years until they take over a pride of their own.
But for now, we have lots of fun together. We often play and fight for hours, which can help us practice skills that we will need for hunting.
We lions keep ourselves very clean. Just like a house cat, I clean my fur with my tongue. We clean for each other, too, to show we’re friends.
Lions like to sleep for most of the day. We hunt in the cool evening. Female (雌性的) lions hunt more often than male lions. We work together as a team. At the right moment, we attack and kill our prey. Then we share it. Male lions usually eat first. Females eat next. Baby lions are the last to eat. The smallest one gets the least food.
Since we are full, it’s time to go to find a nice place for a sleep. Bye!
【小題1】From the text, we can learn that Lisa comes from______.

A．Asia B．Africa C．Europe D．America
【小題2】The underlined word “prey” in the passage probably means _____.
A．the animal that is hunted
B．the animal that is dangerous
C．the animal that is powerful
D．the animal that is ill
【小題3】Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Lions sometimes clean their fur for each other.
B．Lions also develop their skills of hunting by having fun.
C．Lions usually hunt for food in the evening.
D．Baby lions are often the first to get food in their group.
【小題4】The passage is written for _____.
A．doctors B．political leaders C．children D．hunters
【小題5】According to the passage, Leon _____.
A．hunts more often than his sisters
B．will have spots on his fur for the whole of his life
C．will leave his birth pride when he is about three
D．will take over his birth pride when his father dies

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

A smart phone (智能手機(jī)) is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing abilities than a common phone. The first smart phones enabled the users to send and receive emails. Later models added the function of portable media players, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation (導(dǎo)航) units to form one multi-use device. Many modem smart phones also include touch screens and web browsers (瀏覽器) that display web pages.
A recent report says we spend an average of two hours and 40 minutes each day looking at a smart phone. That doesn’t mean making calls, but playing phone games and browsing the Web.
Nowadays we always find people checking emails in a restaurant, taking a picture of the food when it arrives, or checking a message during a conversation instead of traditional communication. It’s no secret that our lives are being affected by our smart phones obsession.
However, this phenomenon has never been presented so vividly as in the short YouTube film I Forgot My Phone. Despite only being online for a few days, it's already been viewed more than 10.5 million times. Whether it will be screened in the cinema remains to be seen.
Ironically, YouTube’s data show that the site gets a billion views per day from mobile devices, so a lot of those people watched it on their phones.
The short film, written by and starring actress Charlene Deguzman, shows groups of people in various social situations, the majority of whom are absorbed in their phones instead of the world around them. To a certain extent, we all do it.
【小題1】People prefer a smart phone to a common one, because the latter only can help us ______.

A．check emailsB．send messagesC．find the destinationD．watch a video
【小題2】The underlined word “obsession” in the third paragraph most probably means “______”.
A．devotionB．contribution C．a(chǎn)ddictionD．emotion
【小題3】Which of the following is right?
A．People spend as average of two hours and 40 minutes each day using smart phones.
B．The film hasn’t been put on in the cinema.
C．The film is written by an actor named Charlene Deguzman.
D．The film has already been viewed more than 105 million times in the first few days.
【小題4】When the writer mentions the number of people watching the film from mobile devices in the fifth paragraph, he mainly feels ______.
A．encouraged B．depressedC．proudD．satisfied

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Some people have travelled to Canada while others may have just heard of it . As is known to all, the Canadian red and white maple leaf flag is officially called The National Flag of Canada. The Canadian flag shows a stylized red maple leaf with 11 points on a white background, with red borders down each side. The Canadian flag is twice as long as its width. The white square containing the red maple leaf is the same width as the flag. Canada is a very large country, too. It is the second largest country in the world.By contrast, it has a very small population. There are only about 29 millinon people there. Most Canadians are of British or French origin, and French is an official language as well English. About 45 % of the people are of British origin, that is, they or their parents or grandparents, etc, come from Britain. Nearly 30 % are of French origin. Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of quebec. Over the years people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world. They are mostly from European countries and also from China, as well as other Asian countries.
However , Canada was not an empty country when the Europeans began to arrive. Canadian-Indian lived along the coast, bythe rivers and lakes and in forests. Today there are only 350,000 Canadian-Indians in the whole country, with their own language. In the far north live the Inuits. There are only 27, 000 Canadian-Inuits. Their life is hard in such a harsh climate.
【小題1】What is the populatin of Quebec?

A．More than 29, 000.000 
B．About 30% of the total population. 
C．Over 45% of th etotal population 
D．Less than 30% of the French-Canadians. 
【小題2】Which of the following stands for Canada?
                                                 
【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A．The Canadian flag I stwice as wide as its length. 
B．Most Indians are now forced to live along the coast. 
C．Nowadays Inuit still have difficult living conditions. 
D．Nobody existed when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada. 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蟻堆).
Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning plant didn’t have to be imported.
The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通風(fēng)口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.
During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.
This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature swings—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its fantastically hot summers and fantastically cold winters,” Pearce said.
The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned buildings, where up to 30% of the air is recycled.
【小題1】Why was Eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building? 

A．It was designed in a smaller size.
B．No air conditioners were fixed in.
C．Its heating system was less advanced.
D．It used rather different building materials.
【小題2】What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A．Fresh air from outside.B．Heat in the building.
C．Hollow space.D．Baseboard vent.
【小題3】Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?
A．New York has less clear skies as Harare.
B．Its dampness affects the circulation of air.
C．New York covers a larger area than Harare.
D．Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.
【小題4】The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s temperature control system_____.
A．a(chǎn)llows a wide range of temperatures
B．functions well for most of the year
C．can recycle up to 30% of the air
D．works better in hot seasons

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Men have always believed that they are smarter than women. Now, a study has found that while this is certainly true, men also have to deal with the fact that they are also more stupid than the fairer sex.
In the study, scientists measured the IQ of 2500 brothers and sisters and they found an uneven number of men not only in the top two percent, but also in the bottom two percent.
The study's participants were tested on science, maths, English and mechanical abilities.
Though there were twice as many men as women in the smartest group, there were also twice as many men among the dolts.
The aggregate scores of men and women were similar.
One of the study's authors, psychology professor Timothy Bates, said that the phenomenon may be because men have always been expected to be high achievers and women have been restricted to spend more time taking care of their home.
"The female developmental program may be tilted more towards ensuring survival and the safety of the middle ground.," the Daily Mail quoted Professor Bates, of Edinburgh University, as saying.
The research tallies with past results that men were more likely than women to receive first class University degrees or thirds and women secured the seconds.
It has been said that men are more ready to take risk when it comes to academics. Women have always found to be steadier in their learning.
A past study has shown that women are securing more firsts and seconds, while men are continuing to receive more thirds.
The argument for the change is that the increase of coursework at the cost of exams favors women's steady approach.
【小題1】The purpose of the passage is to tell us that ________.

A．man are smarter then women
B．man are more stupid the women
C．a(chǎn) new fact about the IQ of men and women has been found
D．men are more likely to receive first class university degrees
【小題2】According to Timothy Bates, less women are in the smartest group because _________.
A．they are born stupid
B．they have to spend more time to tale care of their home than men
C．they don’t like to take risk
D．they are not expected to be high achievers
【小題3】The underlined wordtallies with in the eighth paragraph means________.
A．a(chǎn)gree with B．deal with C．go against D．go with
【小題4】 It can be inferred from the passage that______.
A．Women are steadier in their learning.
B．men are more ready to take risk in everything
C．women are securing more firsts and seconds
D．women are doing much better in academy
【小題5】 Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?
A．Why are men smarter than women?
B．Why are men more stupid than women?
C．How does the result go along with the past research?
D．How can we help the men in the bottom?

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

After record increase in over 40 countries, Universal Robots’ lightweight robotic arms are now making their US debut (首次露面) at this year’s International Manufacturing Trade Show (IMTS) in Chicago.
The UR5 robotic arm made by Universal Robots has been announced officially “The world’s most innovative (創(chuàng)新的) robot” by The International Federation of Robotics and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Robotics and Automation Society. The US audience will now see the award-winning robot — along with its big brother UR10 — for the first time.
The UR5 and UR10 robotic arms are aimed at small-sized companies that thought robots were too expensive and hard to operate in existing production. The robotic arms are easily moved around the production area and present a simple user interface (界面) which lets workers quickly operate them.
Esben Ostergaard, founder and CTO (Chief Technical Officer) at Universal Robots, explains how the robots were designed to be as user?friendly as possible:
“We decided to make programming easy by developing a user interface worked together with a “teaching function” allowing the user to simply took hold of the robot arm and show it how a movement should be done. The robot can work in any production process very quickly. Our experience shows this is generally done in a few hours.”
The robots weigh as little as 40 pounds, making it possible for them to be moved around the production area to do different tasks. The UR5 can handle a load of up to 5 kilos (11 pounds), the UR10, 10 kilos (22 pounds). As soon as a worker touches the robot arm and uses a force of at least 150 Newton, the robot arm will automatically stop operating.
【小題1】According to the text, the UR5 robotic arm _____.

A．was designed by IEEE
B．is aimed at small companies
C．has won a number of awards
D．made its appearance in 40 countries
【小題2】The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.
A．the programme B．the user interface
C．the robot arm D．the “teaching function”
【小題3】What’s the text mainly about?
A．An introduction to Universal Robots’ new robots.
B．The difference between the UR5 and the UR10.
C．Why the UR5 and the UR10 were invented.
D．How to operate the UR5 and the UR10.

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