12.Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world.The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat.It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.
Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.But it is very deadly.It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.
Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood.When the gas links with the blood,the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.
Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide.How quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs.But people have to be awake to recognize them.Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble thinking clearly.People develop severe head pains as the amount of the gas continues to enter their blood.They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy.They may have terrible stomach pains.
Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently.For example,a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will.The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing.
12.Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?B
A.Because it tastes and smells good.
B.Because it is not easily noticed.
C.Because it kills and injures people.
D.Because it always harms people.
13.How does carbon monoxide harm people?D
A.It makes people's blood unable to move.
B.It decreases the amount of blood in the body.
C.It makes body tissues full of blood.
D.It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.
14.When people breathe in small amounts of the gas,they mayA.
A.feel a little dizzy
B.suffer a severe headache
C.go around in the room
D.have a terrible stomachache
15.Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is true?C
A.Adults are affected more seriously than children.
B.Young people are more severely affected than old people.
C.People in poor health may have severer consequences.
D.People with heart problems only suffer from chest pains.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了關(guān)于一氧化碳使人中毒的原理和現(xiàn)象,警告讀者要小心一氧化碳中毒.
解答 12.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste可知一氧化碳被稱為無聲殺手因?yàn)樗蝗菀妆蛔⒁獾;故選B.
13.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood可知一氧化碳使血液輸送氧氣的能力下降;故選D.
14.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around可知當(dāng)人們吸入少量的氣體時(shí),他們可能覺得有點(diǎn)暈;故選A.
15.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing可知身體不好的人一氧化碳中毒可能會(huì)有更嚴(yán)重的后果;故選C.
點(diǎn)評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.