Question

An inventor seeks to create a new product that serves a specific need and fulfills a role that other products do not. Sometimes an inventor comes up with a wholly new idea, but more often inventions are simply improvements on an older design. With a little imagination and creativity (創(chuàng)造力), an old idea can suddenly become something new.
However, creating a new invention means much more than having a brilliant idea. A good designer follows the design process: identifying the challenge, researching and brainstorming ideas(集思廣益), designing a solution, testing and evaluating the ideas, and finally building the product. Designers also use science, math, technology, and engineering to design a tool that satisfies the need they identified.
Anyone can be an inventor —even kids! For example, Chester Greenwood was just fifteen years old when he invented a product that changed his life. In fact, his idea was so good that his invention supported him for the rest of his life. You may not know his name, but you probably know his invention —earmuffs (保暖耳罩)!
The inspiration for his earmuff design came to Chester when he was ice-skating. His ears were cold, and he decided to find a way to keep them warm. With the help of his grandmother, he made a new product to protect his ears and at the age of eighteen, Chester patented his earmuff design.
Many other famous inventors started young as well. Margaret Knight —the inventor of the flat-bottomed brown paper bag —is said to have created a safety device for textile looms(織布機(jī)) when she was just twelve years old. Another example is Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, who applied for his first patent when he was just twenty-one years old. Over the course of his life, Thomas Edison patented a total of 1,093 inventions!
【小題1】In most cases, an invention ________ according to the first paragraph.

A．comes from a complete new idea	B．is usually based on an old product or idea
C．will change its creator’s life completely	D．is created by scientists in different fields

【小題2】The second paragraph mainly wants to tell us _______.

A．the difficulty in making a new invention	B．the common steps of creating new things
C．having a good idea is the key to creation	D．designing a tool is the first step in inventing

【小題3】The example of Chester Greenwood is used to show that ________.

A．children can also invent something

B．it is easy even for children to make inventions

C．kids have more advantages in inventing things

D．to be an inventor is the best way to change one’s life

【小題4】At first Chester designed his earmuffs in order to ________.

A．protect his ears while ice-skating

B．earn money to support his poor family

C．realize his dream of becoming an inventor

D．make himself look fashionable while ice-skating

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】B
【小題3】A
【小題4】A

解析試題分析：本文講述的是發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的話(huà)題，創(chuàng)造力是人人都有的，甚至連小孩子也可以有。文章中還詳細(xì)介紹了人們進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的過(guò)程。
【小題1】B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段后2行but more often inventions are simply improvements on an older design. With a little imagination and creativity (創(chuàng)造力), an old idea can suddenly become something new.可知很多發(fā)明都來(lái)自舊的想法和主意。故B正確。
【小題2】B 段落大意題。根據(jù)本段A good designer follows the design process: identifying the challenge, researching and brainstorming ideas(集思廣益), designing a solution, testing and evaluating the ideas, and finally building the product.可知講述的是發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的過(guò)程。故B正確。
【小題3】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段1,2行Anyone can be an inventor —even kids! For example, Chester Greenwood was just fifteen years old when he invented a product that changed his life.可知連孩子也可以進(jìn)行發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，接著就列舉了Greenwood的例子。故A正確。
【小題4】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段1,2行  The inspiration for his earmuff design came to Chester when he was ice-skating. His ears were cold, and he decided to find a way to keep them warm可知他是想找一種保護(hù)耳朵的方法。故A正確。
考點(diǎn)：考察教育類(lèi)短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文講述的是發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的話(huà)題，創(chuàng)造力是人人都有的，甚至連小孩子也可以有。文章中還詳細(xì)介紹了人們進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的過(guò)程。本文要求考生在閱讀理解整體語(yǔ)篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線(xiàn)索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);要對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過(guò)分析、綜合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線(xiàn)索為依據(jù)。