5．What is politeness？This sounds like a simple question．In daily life，we often make judgments about what is polite and what is not polite．For example，to offer your seat to the elderly on a bus is considered polite behavior，and to interrupt when someone is talking is considered impolite； to greet someone the first time you meet him in the morning is polite and to stand up to reach for the dish you want at a dinner table is impolite．So politeness can first of all be regarded as a phenomenon，an observable social phenomenon．
What I would like to propose is that as an observable social phenomenon，politeness is something superficial，but to account for what is understood at the surface，we should dig into the depth where different cultural values are rooted．
When being complimented （贊美），an English-speaking person would readily accept the compliment by saying something like"Thank you"to show his appreciation of the praise，but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the compliment．They both think they are behaving properly．Yet neither of them would think the other is being polite．The English speaker is being polite to the extent that by accepting and showing appreciation of the compliment，and he avoids hurting the positive face of the person who makes it； the Chinese speaker is showing modesty by Denigrating（貶低） himself，ignoring the fact of the compliment paid to him．As has been mentioned，self-denigration has been at the core of the Chinese understanding of politeness for over two thousand years．The Chinese，in order to show modesty，will go to such lengths as to underrate what he himself has achieved and deny the truth of a complimentary remark．

29．According to the first paragraph，politeness can be briefly described asD
A．proper social phenomena             
B．being modest
C．showing appreciation               
D．a(chǎn)n observable social phenomenon
30．In the author's opinion，the nature of politeness lies inC．
A．something superficial
B．what is understood at the surface
C．different cultural values
D．the root of different thoughts
31．Which of the following is TRUE？C
A．Chinese speakers dislike being complimented．
B．English-speaking people are reluctant to accept compliment．
C．Chinese tend to show politeness and modesty by denying the truth of praise．
D．Chinese people think highly of British politeness while English people think poorly of  Chinese politeness．
32．What's the author's attitude towards Chinese politeness？A
A．Objective．                             
B．Critical．
C．Optimistic．                        
D．Approving．

分析 禮貌具有明顯的文化特征．中國式禮貌的最大特點(diǎn)是"夫禮者，自卑而尊人"．現(xiàn)在這個(gè)禮貌準(zhǔn)則中"卑"的成分逐漸被"自貶"和"自謙"取代．那么西方人的禮貌特點(diǎn)是怎么體現(xiàn)的呢？

解答 DCCA
29   D   細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文中第一段的最后一句"So politeness can first of all be regarded as a phenomenon，an observable social phenomenon"可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意，故正確答案為D．
30   C   細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文中第二段"politeness is something superficial，but to account for what is understood at the surface，we would dig into the depth where different cultural values are rooted"可知，禮貌的本質(zhì)在于"different cultural values"，故正確答案為C．
31   C    細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第三段"…but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the compliment．They both think they are behaving properly"可知，C項(xiàng)符合題意；A項(xiàng)，中國人為了表示謙虛才會(huì)"ignoring the fact of the compliment paid to him"，這并不說明中國人不喜歡被稱贊，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)，be reluctant to…表達(dá)"不情愿…"，由原文可知，"English-speaking people would readily accept the compliment"，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)，根據(jù)原文"…Yet neither of them would think the other is being polite"可知，D項(xiàng)不符合原文，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤．故正確答案為C．
32    A    推斷題．根據(jù)第三段段末內(nèi)容可知，作者只是客觀陳述中國人價(jià)值觀里的禮貌，并無 critical"批判的"、optimistic"樂觀的"、approving"贊成的，滿意的"之意，故正確答案為A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：選擇題

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60．The author was most likely born inB．
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61．Which is true about the author？A
A．He was more future-minded than his mother．
B．He received most of his education in Japan．
C．He learned to check the weather before going out．
D．He disliked calling the store before going shopping．
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B．Americans should be understood by other cultures．
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15．A．Career Services （Room 113）
The staff of the Career Services center advise students on career choices and applications for higher education．They also help students and graduates apply their academic and life experiences to achieving career fulfillment，provide them with the services and resources necessary to make better informed career decisions and help them develop the skills necessary to progress their career plans．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：8：30 am-4：30 pm
 Phone：（412）396-6644
 Fax：（412）396-6644

B．The Accommodation Office （ Room 114）
The Accommodation Office is the place to find everything concerning accommodation during your studying at this university．It offers a free advisory service and a wide range of handbooks and checklists covering the full range of housing available．In addition to this，the office also offers other services，such as the allocation of places in local residences and the provision of information regarding privately owned accommodation．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：1：30 pm-4：30 pm
Phone：（412）396-6754
Fax：（412）396-6752
 
C．Medical Center （Room 115）
The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university．The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems．Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation．Also，all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores．
Opening Hours：24 hour from Monday to Sunday
Phone：（412）396-6649
Fax：（412）396-6648

D．The sports office （Room 207）
Sport and recreation play an important role in the lives of students．The university has lots of indoor and outdoor sports facilities and all students are encouraged to participate in some form of sport and recreation．This office can provide information about sporting and activities to keep you fit．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：7：00am-10：00pm
Phone：（412）396-6877
Fax：（412）396-6876

E．Food service （Room 127）
Tasty，nutritious meals and a wide variety of smacks are available from the cafeterias on campus．Maybe you are not familiar with different cafeterias here and find it difficult to get a good meal．Don't worry!The Food Service can provide you with specific information on the food available here and offers meal plans based on your individual needs．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：2：30pm-5：30pm
Phone：（412）396-6899
Fax：（412）396-6890

F．Library （Room 215）
There are various books and reference materials in every subject here including literature，art and math．Besides books，there are also photo-copying，video，audio-visual and computing facilities．Our collection is big and our main task is to help you solve problems on making use of the library．
Opening Hours：Monday through Friday：8：30am-5：30pm
Phone：（412）396-6312
Fax：（412）396-6706
下面是一些學(xué)生的信息，請(qǐng)匹配他們要選擇的服務(wù)部門．
61．Richard is a foreign student majoring in medicine．He can adjust himself to the weather but he is having a lot of difficulty in getting used to the diet at the college cafeterias．E
62．John is fond of sports．He plays football every day．Unfortunately，he injured his leg while he was playing this morning．He urgently needs some medical help．C
63．Lucy is a new student from Washington，and she often arrives at the college late since she lives far away from the university，so she desperately needs to find a new place to live in．B
64．Alice is going to leave university next year．She is preparing her papers and has to do a lot of research．She would like to find books on literature and learn how to use the audio-visual facilities．F
65．Rosemary studies in the department of computer science．She is really interested in this field，so she plans to be engaged in this booming industry after her graduation，but before she makes a final decision，she wants to consult experienced teachers．A．

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